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SMITHSONIAN DEPOSIT

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■J. J ^

■^ THE

ETiTOMOLOaiST'S "^

MONTHLY MAGAZINE:

EDITED Bi'

G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. J. E. COLLIN, F.E.S.

W. W. FOWLER, D.Sc, M.A., F.L.S.

R. W. LLOYD, F.E.S. G. T. PORRITT, F.L.S.

J. J. WALKER, M.A., R.N., F.L.S.

t/ 'S' 2

VOLUME LVI.

[THIRD SKRIES-VOL. VI.]

" J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs «5crits toute persounalitJ, toute allusion depassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la plus courtoise." — Laboulbene,

LONDON :

GURNEY & JACKSON (Mb. Van Vooest's Successoks).

33, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C.i.

1920

QL4GI

PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND PRANCTS, RED LION COURT. FLEET STREET, E.G. 4.

I N D E X .

PAGE

Title-Page '

Contributors iii

Gkneral Index iv

SpjKCiAL Inoex —

Anoplura viii

Coleoptera viii

Diptera x

Heinipti'i-a x

II ymenoptera xi

Special Index (coii/inne'l)— pagt5

Lepidoptera xii

Neiii'optera aiul Tricliophera xiii

Ortbopiera xiv

Thy sanoj^itera si v

brEXERA AM) SPECUCS NEW TO BRITAIN ... XV

„ „ ,, „ „ Science... xvi

Exi>LANAri(IN OF PLA I'ES xix

Errata xix

INDEX TO (X) N T R I B U T 0 U S.

PAGE

Andrewes, H. E., F.E.S 235

Austen, E. E 256

Bacchus, D 232

Bagnall, R. S., P.L.S 60

Bayford, E. G., F.E.S 110

Beare, T. H., B.Sc, F.R.S.E 280

Bedford, G. A. H., F.E.S 87

BedweU, E. C, F.E.S Ill, 280

Black, J. E., F.L.S 14, 91

Blair, K.G., B.Sc, F.E.S. .7, 13, 28,

133, 200, 210, 279

Blenkarn, S. A., F.E.S 29

Bradley, A. E 15, 111, 259

Braid, K. W 279

Bury, H., B.A 232, 219

Butler, E. A., B.A., B.Sc, F.E.S 92

Cameron, M., M.B., R.N. , F.E.S... 49,

94, 141, 214

Champion, G. C, F.Z.S 68, 165,

194, 220, 241 Chapman, T. A., M.D., F.R.S. ...157,

163, 224

Collin, J. E., F.E.S 102, 137, 270

Collins, J 92

Corbett, H. H., F.E.S 18, 211

Cox, L.G 228

PAGE

Day, F. H., F.E.S 46, 92

Donisthorpe, H. St. J., F.Z.S 206

Currant, J. H., F.E.S 25

Edwards, F. W., F.E.S. 135, 203, 264

Edwards, J., F.E.S 53, 163

Fordham, W. J., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P.,

F.E.S 90

Fowler, Rev. W. W., M.A., D.Sc,

F.L.S. 63, 91

Gedye, A. J., F.E.S 182

Green, E. E., F.Z.S 114

Gripper, F. H 62

Hallett, H. M., F.E.S 185

Harwood, P., F.E.S 231

Hudson, G. v., F.E.S 179, 276, 277

Hunter, D., M.A., M.B., F.E.S 188

Imms, A. D., M.A., D.Sc, F.L.S 106

Janson, O. E., F.E.S 14

Joy, N. H.,M.R.C.S.,L.R.C.P., F.E.S. 163

Keys, J. H., F.E.S 131, 258

Laing-, F., M.A., B.Sc, F.E.S ...12,

38, 196, 258 Morice, Rev. F. D., M.A., F.E.S... 58, 78

Morley, C, F.Z.S G6, 232

Morton, K. J., F.E.S 82

Munro, J. W 257

a2

Newbery, E. A.

Perkins, R. C. L., M.A., D.Sc, F.

Perrins, J. A. D., F.E.S. ...

Pickard-Cambridge, A.W.,M.A.,F, Porritt, G. T., F.L.S 47, 64

Ricardo, G

Rothney, G. A. J., F.E.S

Ryle, G. B

Scott, H., M.A.. D.Sc, F.L.S. ... 64, 65,

Sharp, D., M.A., P.R.S

Stott, C. E., F.E.S

Talbot, G., F.E.S

PAGE

8, 130 R.S. 32, 184 45, 111 .E.S. 45 , 99, 212, 232

278

175

211, 228 ..10,

136, 148 ....1, 205

136

233

PAGE

Tomlin, J. R. le B., M.A., F.E.S... 46, 66

Tottenham, C. E 228

Turner, H. J., F.E.S 20, 47, 94,

138, 164, 186, 213, 234, 263

Villeneuve, Dr. J 227

Wainwright, C.J 278

Walker, J. J., M.A., R.N., F.L.S. . ..14,

109, 184, 209, 231 Walsing-ham, Lord (the late), M.A.,

LL.D.,F.R.S 9

Waters, E. G. R., M.A 258, 259

Waterston, Rev. J., B.D., B.Se., F.E.S. 197

Watt, A. S 65

Wheeler, Rev. G., M.A., F.Z.S. ...21,

67, 138, 187

GENERAL INDEX.

Abax (Pterosticlius) parallelus Dufts., a beetle new to Britaiu Abraxas grossulariata, Descriptions often new varieties of . , Adams, The late F. C. Aeolotbrips, Freliminar}' notes and descriptions of some European species of Aleochara algarum Fauvel, (i) Notes on the parasitic Staphylinid, and its hosts, the Phycodromid flies : (II) A case of supposed parasitism in the genus Ilomalota . . . . . .

Ammophila hirsuta Scop., Notes on the habits of Andreua ruticrus Nyl. in Yorkshire Apatura iris in the Heading district, etc. Asilid, A Persian, attacking house-flies. .

Atheroides Ilaliday (Apliidae), On the genus . .

Beetles, Rare, in a bread-roll at Plymouth

Blastophagine genus and species (Ilymeuoptera-Chalcididue), A new, from E. Africa

Bombus lucorum Sni., Dark males of, iu the West Riding . .

Bombylius minor L., and some other parasites or iuquilines of Colletes daviesana Sm.

Butterflies and beetles on the wing in winter . .

Cape Town, S. Africa, Notes ou some insects collected near . .

Curabidae, Notes on Oriental . .

Ceratopogouinae (Uiptera), Some records of predaceous

Cliaoboriuae and Dixiuae (Diptera, Culicidae), The British . .

PAGE

7

99

256

60

148 15

111 03

278

38

258

197 259

200 64 182 235 203 264

PAGE

Chermes, Note on the Douglas Fir . . . . . . , , . . . . Oo

Cicadina, JJritish, New or little-Unown species of . . . . . . . . 53

Cicindela gerinanica L. and its Larva . . . . . . , . , . . . 210

Coccidae, British, Observations on, V .. .. .. .. .. .. 114

Coleoptera, Some new, from Costa Rica, 220; and Hemiptera in the fligh- lands, 45; some Indian (2), 68, (3), 1G5, 194, (4), 241 ; in the Oxford district during 1919, 14; in the Oxford district, early spring, 109; at Rannoch, 91 ; in Sussex : A supplement to the " Victoria County

History " list, 228; in the Isle of Wight at Easter .. .. .. Ill

Colias edusa, etc., in the Oxford district . . . . . . . . . . 231

Coninomus constrictus Gyll. and other Coleoptera with Acanthomyops

(Lasius) fuliginosa Latr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Crane-fly, Description of a new species of, from New Zealand . . , , 276

Criorrhina ranunculi Panz. in Berks . . . , . . . . . . 92

Cryphalus (Ernoporus) fagi Nordni. in Surrey, etc. . . . . . . . . 257

Cryptobium fracticorne Payk. var. jacquelini Boield. in Britain . . . . 231

Cryptohypnus sabulicola Boh. in Herefordshire . . . . . . . . 45

Cucuj id-beetle, An Oriental, in Cheshire . . . , . . . . . . 46

Dimorphism in the antennae of a male midge . . . . . . . . . . 135

Diptera, British, Some records of, 137 ; recent research on the head and

mouth-parts of, 106 ; in North Devon, 188 ; in South Shropshire . , 249

Entomological Collecting in New Zealand during the Season 1919-1920 . . 179

Epeolus and CoUetes (Hymeuopt.), Note on . . . . , . . . . 184

Epirrhoe sociata Borkh., A curious aberration of . . . . . . . . 184

Eumerus strigatus Fallen and tuberculatus Rondani (Diptera, Syrphidae) . . 102

Eupteryx (Homoptera), Two species of, new to Britain . . . , . , 196

Exapate congelatella Clerck, Abundance of, at Iluddersfield . . , , 47

Hammomyia (Diptera, Anthomyidae), Description d'une nouvelle espece de. 227

Harpalus 4-punctatus var. montivagus Reitt. in Ireland . . . . . . 14

Hetaerius ferrugineus 01. in the Isle of Wight. . .. ,. .. .. 136

Henoticus germ aniens Reitt. in London . . . . . , . . . . 279

Hepialidae, Descriptions of two new species of, from New Zealand . . . , 277

Ilylastes attenuatus Ei'., a British insect, 205 ; in Britain . . . . . . 257

Hypermecia cruciana. The Lancashire Coast form of . . . . , . . , 212

Hyphantidium ( = Caterenma Meyr.) terebrella Zk., Notes on .. ,. 258

Insect-collecting in India, Picturesque Memories of . . . . . . . . 175

Insects damaging lead and other metal-work, 10 ; supplementary note, 12 ;

on the wing in winter .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Ill

Ischalia Pascoe (Fam. Pyrochroidae), Notes on the Coleopterous genus, with

descriptions of two new species from the Philippine Islands . . . . 133

Loderus gilvipes King : a sawtly new to Britain . . . . . . , . 58

Longicornia in the Reading district, 91 ; in the Tunbridge Wells district,

1919 62

Lord Walsiiigham, 1843-1919 . . . , 25

Louse, Description of a new genus and species of, from an Elephant Shrew . 87

Lucanus cervus. Early appearance of . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Lydella nigripes Mg., A note on. . .. .. ., .. .. .. 278

PAGE

Meilon ol)sciirellus Erichs., an addition to tlie Britisli list of Coleoptera . . 8

Microlepidoptera, new French . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Misetus oculatiis, female, Capture of 6G

Myelopliilus niinnr Titer, in Britain 258

Neuroptera and Triclioptera new to Cumberland . . . . . . . . !>2

New Zealand, Entomolofj-ical collecting in, during the Season 1919-1920 . . 179

Nonagria arundineta Schmidt in Yorkshire . . . . . . . . . . 232

Notes from the Hill Museum, Witley, Surrey 2.'«

OniTrARiES. — W. J. Ashdown, 17; Thomas Richard Billups, 66; Rer. Henry Stephen Gorham, F.Z.S., 112; Dr. Charles Gordon Hewitt, 9.S ; Frank Milburn Howlett, M.A., 234. 2G2; Alfred E. Hudd, F.S.A., 262 ; rierr Edmuud Reitter, 113; Prof. John Reinhold Sahlberg, 138; Lord Walsingham, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., 17, 25; Frederick Herschel

Waterhouse, 17 ; William West 213

Odonata collected in INortli -Western Persia and Mesopotamia by Capt. P.

A. Buxton, R.A.M.C 82

Orocliares angustatus Er. in Scotland . . . . , . . . . . . . 14

Oxyptilus teucrii Greening n^ar Doncaster . . . . . . . . . . 211

Palaestra Cast., Tmesidera Westw., and Palaestrida White (Fam. Meloidae),

Notes on the Australian Coleopterous genera . , . . . . . . 28

Paniscus sp. (Ophioninae), Note on . . . . . . . . . . . . 163

Pests of Almond-trees in Palestine .. .. .. .. .. .. 13

Phigalia pedaria Fb. (pilosaria lib.), Early appearance of, in numbers . . 64

Pipunculus (Diptera), The British species of the sylvaticus-group of . . 270

Plai'iarthrina fordhamiana : a new subgeinis and species of Staphyliuidae . . 131

Plao-ioo-nathus (Neocoris) nigritulcis Zett. and bohemani Fail. . . . . 92

Platyrhinus latirostris F., A note on . . . . . . 280

Polvdrusus flavipes De G. in Cumberland, 46 ; in Yorkshire. . . . . . 90'

Psammocharidae (Pompilidae), Notes on British . . . . . . . . 32'

Pteronidea (Nematus) pavida Lep., Notes on egg-laying ot . . , . . . 224

Pseudophloeus waltli 11. -S., A second British specimen of . . . . . . 232

Reviews. — " A Monograph of the Britisli Orthoptera," by William John Lucas, B.A., F.E.S.. 185 ; " An Introduction to Entomology," by Prof. John Henry Comstock, Part 1, Second Editicm, 212; " Catalogus Alphabeticus generum et subgenernm Coleopterorum orbis terrarnm totius,'' Von Dr. Robert Lucas, 234 ; " Enumeratio Hemipterorum Heteropterorum Faunae Fenuicae. Editio secundaaucta etemeiidata,"

by J. Sahlberg 2r0

Rhizotrogus sol-titinlis, Curii>ns monstrosity of a male of . , , . . . 211

vSapyga 5-punctala Fab., Nestiiig-lialiits <>f . . . . ■ • . . . . 185

Sarcophaga carnaria, A note on the life-history of . . . . . . . . 232'

Scillv Islands, Further additions to the Coleopterous Fauna of the . . . . 13

" Seitz".s.Macrolepidoptera of the World '' .. .. .. .. ,. 17

Sepsis cynipsea L. swarming on ash . . , . . . . . . . . . 232'

Societies. — Entomological Society of London, 21, 67, 138, 187; South London Entomological Society, 20, 47, 66, 94, 138, 164, 186, 213, 234,

263; Y'orkshire Natm-alists' Union : Entomological Section .. .. 18

Staph lini'^ae, New species of, from Ceji on, 49, 94 ; from India (1) 141, 214

Studies in Rhynchophora VIII — On Phalidura. Amycteridae " Strongylogaster sharpi " Cameron, Re-discovery of, in the North of England . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Thrinax mixta Kl. (femoralis of Cameron), Notes on the life-history of Tiresias serra F., A curious habit of the larva of, 163 ; and its Larva . .

Tortrix prouubana Hb., Another food-plant of . .

Triecphora vulnerata Illiger (Homoptera, Cercopidae), Notes on the life- history of

Tychius haematopus Gyll., Is, a British beetle

T. haematopus Gyll. . . Typhlocyba douglasi Edw., Note on , .

Walsingham, Lord, 1843-1919

Wasps, Queen, on the wing in winter . . Xanthochilus quadratus Fab., Capture of

, 130; junceus Reiche and

PAGE

1

78 157 206 259

136

163

279

25

65

280

SPE(^IAL INDEX.

[For the new genera, species, etc., described see pp. xvi-xviii.] ANOPLUEA.

Neolinognathus, 88; elephantuli 89

COLEOPTEEA.

Abax parallelus

Abdera quadrifasciata

Abraens globosus

Acanthocinus aedilis

Acidota cruentata

Acnpalpus consputus, exiguus,

liiridiis

Agapanthia lineatocollis

Agathidium nigripenne, 109, 110;

rotundatum

Agathinus tridens

Aleochara algarum, 148 ; succicola ... Amara consularis, curta, 228 ; patri-

cia 15,

Anchomenus puellus, 109 ; scitulus,

228; tboreyi

Ancistronycha abdominalis

Aphodius constans, erraticus

Apion annulipes, 15 ; desideratnm,

110 ; filirostre, 15 ; pallipes

Asemum striatum

Atemeles paradoxus

Athous longicollis

Badister sodalis 109,

Balaninus villosus

Paris lepidii

Bidessus geminus

Bledius femoralis

Bostrichus capucinus

Brachytarsus varius

Bryaxis helferi, longicornis, water-

housei

Byctiscus populi

Caenoscelia pallida

7

231

210

45

65

110 91

45 181 210

91

228

91

110

109

91

111

230

228

109

110

228

13

12

91

229 230 210

PAGE

Callidium alni, 91; sangninenm, 12;

violaceum 91

Camptoscelis hottentota 183

Capnodis carbonaria, cariosa, bene-

brionis 13

Carabns monilis 109

Cartodere elongata, 210 ; filiformis 258 Cassida nobilis, 110 ; vibex, vittata... 230

Cathormiocerus socius Ill

Ceroctis capensis 183

Cerylon fagi 109

Cetonia aurata, 12, var. nigra, 14;

cardui, 12 ; floricola 91

Ceuthorrbynchidius barnevillei, 91 ;

horridus, 230 ; mixtus 15

Ceutborrhynchus hirtulus, 91 ; rapae,

viduatus 15

Chaetocnema sahlbergi 231

Chalcophora stigmatica 13

Chlaenius bliamoensis, 239 ; limbatus,

183; nigricornis 228

Choleva angustata, 110; sturmi 249

Choragus sheppardi 15

Cicindela germanica 210

Cicones variegatus 229

Cillenus lateralis 13

Cis alni, etc., 229 ; jacquemarti,

lineato-cribratus 91

Cistela ceramboides 91

Clytus mysticus, 62, 91 ; var. hiero-

glyphicus 63

Codiosoma spadix 230

Coeliodes erythroleucus 91

Coninomns constrictus 209

Conopalpus testaceiis 231

Copris plutus 183

Corymbites metallicus 110

Crepidodera helxines 13

Criocepbalus ferus 15, 91

Cryphalus fagi 257

Cryptobiuni fracticorne var. jacque-

lini 229, 231

PAGE

Cryptohypmis siibiilicola 45

CrjTptophagiis affinis, 210 ; fumatus,

91,' 210 ; pallidus, 229 ; patruelis,

210; ruficornis 109, 229

Dactylosternum abdominale 183

Dadobia immersa 13

Decatonia lunata 183

Dendrophagus crenatus 45

Dermestes frischi, 46 ; murinus ...46, 229

Donacia impressa 109

Drihis flavescens 230

Dytiscus circumflexiis 228

Eccoptogaster amygdali 13

Elater nigrinus 91

Enicmus histrio 229

Epuraea parviila, silacea 91

Euplectus abeillei 15

Eusphalerum primulae 109

Grammoptera analis, 15 ; tabaci-

color 63, 91

Gry pidius eqiiiseti 91

Gymnusa brevicollis 91

Haliplus lieydeni 228

Hallomeniis hiimeralis 91

Haltica britteni 92

Harmogaster exarata 183

Harpalus 4-punctatvis, var. moiiti-

vagus 14

Iledobia imperialis 230

Henoticus germanicus, 258, 279 ; ser-

ratus 279

Hetaeriiis ferrugineiis 136

Htterochelus parilis 1 83

Heteronychus arator 1 83

Hippuriphila modeeri 230

Hister neglectus 110

Homalium caesum, concinniim, tricolor 210 Homalota inhabilis, 45 ; splendens,

15; vicina, 210; xantliopus 210

Homoeusa acuminata 210

Hydroporus obscuriis, etc. 228

Hylastes angustatus, 205 ; attenuatus,

205, 257; linearis, 206; vario-

losus 205

Hylotrupcs bajulus 12

Hypera murina, poUux, snspiciosa ... 110

PAGE

Hyperacantha pectoralis 183

Ilyobates nigricollis 110

Laemophloeas ater 229

Laemotmetus rhizophagoides 46

Lathrobium filiforme, 109 ; pallidum 110

Liodes glabra 45

Liosoma oblonguliim, ovatulum var.

collare 109

Liparus coronatus 230

Litargus connexus 229

Loiigitarsus atriceps, 91, 109; atri-

cillus, etc., 230; nastiirtii, 109;

suturalis 110

Lucanus cervus 231

Ly etus canaliculatus 11

Lytta vesicatoria 231

Mecinus circulatus Ill

Medon obscurellus, 8; obsoletus 109

Megatoma undata 229

Mesosa nubila 91

Metaxya (Plagiarthrina) fordhami-

ana 131

Microglossa gentilis, suturalis 210

Molorchus minor 63, 91

Mycetophagus 4-guttatus 210

Myelophilus minor 45, 258

My rmedonia f une sta, laticollis , limbata 210

Necrophorus interruptus 229

Neobisnius procerulus 229

Notiopliilus aquaticus var. strigif runs,

45 ; palustris var. hypocrita ... 45

Notothecta conf usa 210

Ochthebius foveolatus, 168 ; nobilis,

167; rufimarginatus 110

Ocypus compressus, 13 ; cyaneus ... 15

Oligota inflata 210

Oniticellus africanus, giraffa 183

Onitis aygulus, caffer 183

Oodes helopioides 91, 218

Opatrum sabulosum 91

Opetiopalpus collaris 183

Ophonus piuictatulus 228

Orchesia micans 91

Otiorrhynchus ligneus, 230 : ligustici,

111 ; scabrosus 210

Oxynoptilus clypeatus 228

PAGE

Oxj'poda haemorrhoa, 210 ; specta-

bilis, 15 ; vittata 210

Oxytelus fulvipes, 109 ; insecatus... 229

Palaestra, species of 28, 29, 32

Palaestricla, species of 31, 32

PediaciTS dermestoides 109

Pliilonthus fumarius, etc., 229 ; lucens 109

Phymatodes lividus 91

Platyderns ruficoUis 228

Platyrhinus latirostris 279

Platystethus alutaceus 110

Pog'onochaerus bidentatus 63

Polydrusus flavipes 46, 90, 110

Prionus coriarius 15

Psylliodes luteola 15

Pterosticlms gracilis, 1 09, 110 ; lepidus 15 Ptiniis sexpunctatus, 15, 210 ; sub-

pilosus, 210 ; tectus 46

Qnedius cruentus, etc., 229 : puncti-

collis 210

Rhizotrogus solstitialis 211

Ehyncliites pauxilUis, 91 ; pubescens,

230 ; uncinatus 91

Salpingus mutilatiTs 15

Saperda populnea, 63, 91 ; scalaris . 91 Saprinus cupreus, 183 ; virescens . . 15, 229

Sericoderns lateralis 210

Silis ruficollis 230

Silpha obscura 13

Sisyphus spinipes 180

Smicrus filicornis 15

Staphylinus stereorar ius 91

Stenostola ferrea 63

Stenus aceris, etc., 229 ; circularis .. 109

Tachys bistriatus 109, 238

Tanymecus palliatus 110, 230

Tetratoma fungorum 231

Tetropium gabrieli 62

Tetrops praeusta 63, 91, 230

Thiasophila inquilina 210

Thryogenes festucae, 109 ; nereis ... 230

Tiresias serra 163, 206

Tmesidera rufipennis 29

Trachys pumila 15

Trechus micros HO

Trichius fasciatus 91

Trichopteryx montandoni 210

PAGE

Trinodes liirtus 208

Trox sabulosus 91

Tychius haematopus, 131, 163; jun-

ceus, 131, 163 ; schneideri Ill

Xyleborus dispar 230

DIPTERA.

Bombylius discolor, major, minor ... 201

Ceratopogoninae (Predaceous) 203

Chaoborinae, British 264

Coelopa pilipes 155

Corethrinae 264

Cricotoiius ephippium 135

Criorrhina ranunculi 92

Dijitera, British 137

,, Head and mouth-parts 106

North Devon 188

South Shropshire 249

Dixinae, British 266

Eumerus strigatus, tuberculatus 102

Exorista grandis 232

Fucomyia gravis 156

Hammomyia dissimilis 227

Lydella ferruginea, 278 ; nigripes,

254, 278

Miltogi-amma punctata 202

Orygma luctuosa 156

Philonicus domesticus 278

Pipunculus, sylvaticus-group of 270

Sarcophaga carnaria 232

Sepsis cynipsea 232

Tabanus bromius 189

Tipula nebulosa 276

Trichocladius ephippium 1 35

HEMIPTERA.

Anoscopus kirschbaumi 55

Anubis f uscoirroratus 184

Aphis glyceriae 39

Aphrophora maculata, salicis 53

Aspidiotus palmae 129

Atheroides brevicornis, 41 ; hirtellus, 38, 42, 45 ; junci, 44 ; serru-

latus 38, 39

Atliysanns distinjueii'lns, russeolus,

striatulus ^^

Cbermea cooleyi, Vcar. coweni 65

Chionaspis salicis 129

Cisius nervosus, simplex ■ 58

Coranus papillosus 184

Corixa venusta 45

Dermatiniis liinblf er 184

Diaspis rosea, zainiae 12G

Eremocoris plobeius 45

Eriococcus Jevoniensis, 118 ; g-reeni,

ir.signis, 116 ; inerniis 117

Eupteryx loewii, 196 ; stellnlata 197

Gossyparia iilmi 118

Holopterna alata 184

Kermes quercus 118

Lecanimn acquale, 123 ; capreae, 125 ; hesperidum, 124; persicae, var. robiniarium, 125 ; zebrinum ... 124

Lecanopsis formicarum 126

Liclitensia viburni 125

Limotettix persimilis, 4-notata 57

Lygus rubricatus 45

Macropsis rubi, seotti 55

Melampsalta cruentata, nervosa,

quadricincta 181

Oncopsis avellanae, carpinicola, 54 ;

flavicollis 55

Oi-theziola vejdovskyi 130

Orthoscbizops lineaticeps 184

Orthostira nigi'ina 45

Parafairmairia gracilis 126

Plagiognathus bohemani,. nigritulus ... 92 Poliaspis argentosus, cycadis, 128 ;

gaultheriae 126

Pseudococcus citrophilus, gahani, hibeniiciis, 120 ; maritimus, 121 ;

sphagni, 119 ; walkeri 122.

Ps.-ei\dophloeus falleni, waltli 232

Piilvinaria vitis 125

Eipersia tomlini, subtorranea 122

Salda scotica 45

Steingelia gorodetskia 114

Tuberidry obiua persicae 13

Typhlocyba douglasi 279

Xautbochilus quadratus 280

HYMENOPTERA.

Acantbomyops f uliginosa 209

Ammopbila campestris, birsuta, sabu-

losa 15

Andrena clarkella, 112 ; ruficrus Ill

Apbaraeta cephalotea 153

Aporus 33

Bombus leucoriim, 259 ; species of ... 260

Cbrysis cyanea, ignita 202.

Colletes daYiesanus, 184, 185, 200 ; fodiens, picistigma, 185 ; mar-

ginata, succincta 184

Epeolus crueiger, variegatus 184, 200

Eumenes maxillosus 184

Evagetes bicolor SS^

Formica picea 119, 120

Halictus riibicundua 112

Hemipepsis brunnicepa 184

Homonotus sang'uinolentus 35-

Hylaeus communis 185

Loderus genucinctus , 60 ; gilvipes,

58; species of 58, 5&

Megacbile argentata 185

Misetus oculatus 66

Myrmecocy stus viaticus 178

Nematus ribesii 159, 226

Nomada leucopbtbalma, obscura 112.

Nomia curvipes 177

Osmia caeruleacens 185

Paniscus sp., 163 ; cepbalotes 164

Phymatocera aterrima 160-

Platymischus dilatatus 153-

Polistes hebraeus 177

Priocnemis 37

Prosopia communis, hyalinatus 291

Psammocbares, species of 34, 35, 36.

Pteronidea pavida 224

Sablbergia strutbiopteridis 81

Salius affinis, exaltatus, notatulus,

propinquus, 37 ; pusillus 3&

Scolia rubiginosa 178^

Sirex gigas, 11, 12; juvencus 12.

Spbex lobatus 177

Stromboceros delicatulus 81

Strongylogaster filicis, 79; sharpi ... 78 Taxonus albipes 78

PAGE

Tlirinax mixta 157, 226

Vespa cincta, orientalis, 177 ; vulgaris 65 Xylocopa 177

LI^PIDOPTERA,

Abraxas grossulariata, vars 99-102

[see also p. xviii]

Acidalia straminata 18, 63

Acronycta alni, 18 ; leporina, 19 ;

menyantludis 23

Aglais urticae 20, 231

Ag'riades corydon, gynandromorph ... 47

Allonomyma diana 22

Amorpha populi, var 47

Amphysa prodromana 18

Anaitis plagiata, melanic 23

Ancylis tiueana 24

Apatura iris 63

Aphelosetia cerusella 264

Arctia caja, var 19

Argyresthia conjugella, var. aeratella,

20; illuminatella 259

Asteroscopus sphinx 18

Asthenia pygmaeana 259

Attacus edwardsi, 47 ; maurus 48

Basilona imperialis 20

Calpodes ethlius 20

Calymnia trapezina, vars. nigra and

nigrovirgata 187

Cateremna terebrella 258

Catocala nupta, var 141

Catopsilia florella 140

Celastrina argiolus, gynandroniorph... 47

Charaeas graminis, vars 21

Charaxesetheocles,epijasius,viola, 67, 140

Choerocampa nerii 18

Chrysophanus boldenarum, 180 ; dis-

par, var. riitilus, 24 ; phlaeas,

vars. schmidtii and eleus, 140 ;

salustius 180

Cirrhoedia xerampelina, var 21

Citheronia veyleri 48, 67

Cloantha polyodon (perspicillaris) ... 47

Cocytodes coerulea 139

Coenonympha pamphilus 94

PAGE

Colias edusa 18, 231

Cosmia affinis, paleacea 18

Crambus ephorus 181

Crocallis elinguaria, var. signatipen-

nis 20

Cyaniris argiolus, var 140

Dasycampa rubiginea 63

Dione vanillae, var. maculosa 20

Dynastor napoleon 164

Dysstroma trnncata 138

Ebulea crocealis 19

Elachista cerusella ' 18, 264

Ematurga atomaria 264

Ennomos angularia, 21 ; autuninaria . 22

Enodia dryas 24

Epargyreus tityrus 186

Epiblema tedella 259

Epione parallelaria 18

Epirrhoe soeiata, var 184

Eumorpha elpenor 24

Eupoecilia affinitana, 20 ; notulana... 212

Exapate congelatella 47

Geometra papilionaria 64

Glaucoiisyehe paphos 140

Gonepteryx rhamni 64

Gonodontis bidentata 1 64

Grapholitha strobilella 259

Hepialus virescens 179

Hybernia leucophearia, vars 19

Hypermecia cruciana 212

Hyphantidium terebrella 258

Issoria lathonia 164

Laverna ochraceella 18

Leptogramma literana 19

Liby thea carinenta 48

Limenitis Sibylla, 64 ; var. nigrina... 21

Lomaspilis marginata 47

Lycaena icarus, vars., 19 ; euphemus 23

Megacraspedus pentheres, n. sp 10

Melitaea aurinia, 186; cinxia 164

Kejiticula septembrella 186

Nonagria arundineta and var. disso-

luta 232

Nordmannia ilicis 164

Notodonta chaonia, 19 ; tri tophus ... 164

Oinophila v-flavum 279

Oporabia autumnaria 21

PAGE

Orocranibiis perviiis 181

Oxyptilns teucrii 211

Paedisca pomedaxana 19

Papilio bianor, 47 ; memnon, 264 ;

nobilis, 67 ; phidias, melaiiic 139

Parascotia fiilig-inaria 47

Pliigalia pedaria (pilosaria) 19, 64

Phryxus livornica 214

Pieris napi, var. 19

Pionea straminalis 63

Plebeius aegon gynandromorph, 48 ;

var. masseyi 24, 66

Plusia gamma, var., 139 ; interroga-

tionis, moneta, 18 ; pulchriiia,

var 139

Poecilocampa populi 18

Polygonia c-album 231

Polyommatus aegon, vars. cretacca

and masseyi 24

Porina auttimnata, oreas, n. spp. 277

Prepona chromus 48

Protoparce bergi 48

Pseudacraea eurytus hobleyi 23

Pyrameis atalanta, vars., 138, 231 ;

cardm 231

Rumicia phlaeas, var. trochi 164

Sabatinca amella 181

Satyrus statilinus 24

Sclioenobius mucronellus 63

Sciapteron tabaniformis 164

Selenia tetralunaria 264

Senta maritima 164

Sesia formicaeformis 23

Sitotroga nea, n. sp 9

Spilonota roborana, rosaecolana 18

Stauropus fagi 63

Steganoptycba nanana, ratzburgi-

ana 259

Taeniocampa munda 18

Tenaris honrathi, selene 164

Tephroclystis pusillata 259

Thais polyxena, ab. meta 24

Thecla quercus, var. bellus 19

Thera variata , 259

Tortrix cinnamomeana, 18 ; piceana,

63; pronubana 259

Vanessa gonerilla, itea, 180,- io, 65;

var. cyanosticta, 19 ; var., 138 ;

nrticae 231

Zizera labradus 180

Zygaena achilleao, 19 ; ephialtes, 188 ;

filipendulao, var., 48; transalpina,

139, 188 ; trifolii, var. minoides.. 20

NEUROPTERA and TRICHOPTERA.

Aeschna isosceles 85

Anax imperator, 85 ; parthenope 87

Anormogomphiis kiritshenkoi 87

Ascalaphus longicornis 67

Brachycentrus subnubilua 92

Calopteryx amasina, ancilla, 84 ; exul,

splendens orien talis, 83 ; syriaca,

83 ; taurica 84

Capnia nigra 83

Chrysopa perla, phyllocliroma 92

Crocothemis servilia 87

Diplacodes lefebvrei 87

Erythromma viridulum 84

Glossosoma vernale 92

Glyphotoelius pellucidus 92

Hemerobius nitidulus, orotypus, quad-

rifasciatus 92

Hemianax ephippiger 85

Ichthybotus hudsoni 179

Ischnura bukbarensis, 86 ; elegans,

85 ; evansi 86

Leptocerus annulicornis, cinereus ... 92

Lestes sponsa 84

Libellula depressa, erythraea, pede-

montana 67

Limnophilus afRnis, vittatus 212

Lindenia tetraphylla 8"b

Myrmeleon libellnloides 67

Nemoura cambrica 92

Neuronia ruficrus 92

Nothochrysa capitata 20

Orthetrum cancellatum, sabina 85

Panorpa communis 67

XIV

PAGE

Perla bicaiidata (57

Phrygauea varia 83

Platycnemis latipes dealbata 82

Pseudoeconesiis stramineus 181

Raphidia xanthostigma 20

Selysiothemis nigra 87

Siphlurus armatus 186

Somatochlora da vomaculata 85

Stenosmylus citrinus, incisus, 180;

stellae, 179

Sympetrum decoloratum, fonscolombii, 87 ; sanguineum, 18, 86 scoti-

cum, 67 ; striolatum 86

Taeniopteryx nebulosa 20

PAGE

ORTHOPTEEA.

Acrotyhxs deustus 1 83

Cyrtacanthacris lineata 1 S3

Entella delalandei 183

Gastrimarga obscura 183

Liogryllus bimaculatiis 183

Periplaneta americaiia 183

Pycnodictya obscura 1 83

Truxalis iiasuta 183

THYSANOPTERA,

Aeolotlirips albiciiictus, conjunctus 61 ; ericae, fasciatus, 60 ; glori- osus, 61 ; maculosus, var. cos- talis parvicornis, vittatus, 62 ; nielaleucus, tibialis, tiliae, versi- color

61

ADDITIONS TO THE BRITISH INSECT FAUNA BROUGHT FORWARD OR NOTICED IN THIS VOLUME.

COLEOPTERA.

SPECIES. PAGE

Abax (Pterostichus) parallelus Duft.i. 7 Cryptobium fracticome Pai/k. var.

iacquelini Boield 231

Harpalus 4-punctatus Dej. var. monti-

vagvis Reitt 14

Hylastes attenuatus Er 205

Laemotmetus rhizophagoides Walk.

(introduced) 46

Medon obscurellus Er 8

Metaxya (Plagiartbrina, subgen. n.)

fordbamiana Keys (sp. n.) 131

DIPTERA.

Dixa autumnalis (ilfj/.) Goe^ 267

„ dilataU Strobl 268

,, laeta Lm; 267

,, puberula Ltc 268

,, submaculata F. W. Edtrards

(sp. n.) 269

Eumerus tiiberculatus Rond 102

Pipiuiculus cilitarisis S^ro^i! 273

,, flavitarsis Cof Jin (sp. n.)... 275

,, minimus Beck 272

„ nigritulus ZeW 274

HEMIPTEEA.

Anoscopus kirscbbaumi J. EdirarJs

(sp.n.) 55

Aphrophora macula ta J. Edmirds

(sp. n.) 53

Aspidiotus palmae Ckll. (introduced) . 129

Atheroides brevicornis Laing (^sp. n.) 41

„ junci „ „ 44

SPECIES. PAGE

Eupteryx loewii T/(e?i 196

,, stellulata B?ir)M. 197

Lecanium aequale Neivst 123

Limotettix persimilis J. Edivards

(sp. n.) 57

Macropsis scotti J. Edicards (sp. n.) 55

Oncopsis avellanae J. Edivards (sp. n.) 54

„ carpinicola J. Edivards

(sp. n.) 54

Poliaspis gaultheriae Gi-een (sp. n.)

(introduced) 126

Pseudococcus maritimus Ehrlioni ... 121

HYMENOPTERA,

Loderus gilvipes A'fi^gi 58

LEPIDOPTERA.

Abraxas grossulariata L., vars. [see

p. xviii] 99-102

Allonomyma diana Hbn 22

Ancylis tineanaii7)(i 24

THYSANOPTERA.

Aoolothrips ericae Bagnall (sp. n ) ... 60 „ maculosus, v. costalis Bag- nall (var. n.) 62

„ parvicornisBa(/?iaJl(sp.n.) 62

LIST OF NEW TRIBES, GENERA, SPECIES, &c., DESCRIBED IN THIS VOLUME.

ANOPLUEA.

GENUS.

Neolinognathus Bedford .

SPECIES.

Neolinognatliiis elephantuli Bedford,

Traascual 89

COLEOPTERA.

TRIBE. Phalidurines /S/ifu-p 4

GENEKA AND SUBGENERA.

Aphalidura Sharp 6

Apocellagria Cameron 143

EuDELiPHBUM C/mmpiow 244

Eustatius Sharp 4

Metolinus Camerow 147

Neobrachida Camei-071 51

Orphnebiota Cameron 97

Plagiarthrina Keys 131

Prophalidura Sharp 6

Pseudobrachida Cameron 51

Tachtchaba Cameron 52

SPECIES.

Actobius humeralis Cameron, India 214 Acylopliorus bipunctatus ,, ,, 219

Amichrotus elegans ,, ,, 218

Amphichroum pindarense Champion,

India 243 Anthobium indicuni Champion, India 243

Apiniela iiidica Cameron, Ceylon 99

Apocellagria indica Cameron, India 144 Astenus maculatus ,, ,, 146

Atheta (Coprothassa) anepsia Cameron

Ceylon 95 Bledius (Elbidus) taruensis Cameron

India 144 Cephalodonta tetracantha Champion

Costa Rica 223

Chlaenius (Epomis) amarae Andreives,

Mesopotamia 239 ,, andamanensis Andreives,

Andama^i Is. 237 „ costiger Chaud,, race al-

morae And re ires, India .. 239 ,, lacunosus Aiidreires, Yun-

nan-Fou 240

„ luculentus „ India .. 236

,, touzalini „ Korea . . . 237

,, yiumanus ,, Yunnan 238

Clirysanthia bimalaioa Champion,

India 74 ,, rugieollis ,, „ 75

,, valens ,. ,, 75

Ooproporus triangulus Cayneron,

Ceylon 49 Diabrotica occlii?a Champion, Costa

Rica 221 Dianous championi Cameron, India 145 Diestota subopaca ,, Ceylon... 50

Enneboeus malabaricus Champion,

India 73 ,, spinifer ,, ,, 73

Epitrix paludicola Champion, Costa

Rica 222 Eudeliphrum gracilipalpe Chamjnon,

India 244 Eiilobonyx exasperatus ,, „ 72

„ sericeus „ ,, 71

Eustatius fergusoni Sharp, Australia 5 Falagria asperata Cameron, Ceylon... 95 „ ceylonica „ ,, 94

Gaiu'opterus nigroaeneus Cameron,

India 146 Geodromicus amnicola Champion,

India 246 ,, crassipalpis „ „ 245

Gyrophaena rufiventris Cameron,

Ceylon 50

PAGE

Homalispa svilcicollis Chnmpioii,

Costa Rica 222

Hydraena bihamata Champion, India 70

„ cirrata „ ,, 69

., luaculicollis ,, ,, 70

Hydroscapha substrigosa Champion,

India 170 Hypocoeliodes sexnodosus Champion,

Costa Rica 220 Hypostenus flavovittatus Champion,

India 174

„ flexuosus ,, ,, 174

,, riigosissimus ,, ,, 173

Ichthyurus himalaiciis ,, ,, 247

„ maculifrons ,, ,, 248

Ischalia dimidiata Blair, Philippines 134

., philippina „ ,, 135

Laeliaeua sahlbergi Champion, India 169

Lesteva fluviata ,, ,, 246

Leucocraspedum limbatum Cameron,

Ceylon 49 „ nigTomaculatiim, v.

obsoletum Cameron,

Ceylon 50 Malthinus liueatooollis Champion,

India 247 Metolinus basalis Cam,eron, India ... 147 Metaxya (Plagiarthrina) fordhamiana

Keys, England 131 Mitomorplius ovaliceps Cameron,

India 147 Myrmedonia opacicoUis Cameron,

Ceylon 98 Neobrachida castanea „ ,, 51

Ochthebius kosiensis Champion, India 169

166

„ opacipennis ,		J.UU 167
„ rivalis ,		166
„ scintillans ,		168
„ sexfovea.tus ,		165
Omalram almorense ,		241
Orphnebiota rufocastanea	Cameron,
	Ceylon	98
Orplmebius bryanti „	„	97
„ cingulatus .,	jj	96

SPECIES.

PAGE

Osorius robustus C«?nero7i, lufZirt ... 145

Ospliya nigriventris Champion, India 74

Palaestra foveicoUis Blair, Australia 81

Pelioptera pernitida Cameron, Ceylon 96

Pentaria chloroptera Champion, India. 76

,, kiimaonensis „ ,, 76

,, platycnema „ ,, 77

Philonthus andrewesi Cameron, „ 214

,, gemiiras A';-., v. iuornatus

Cameron, India 215

„ mdicus Cameron, India .. . 216

„ maculatus ,, ,, 217

„ nilgiriensis ,, ,, 215

sericoilius „ ,, 216

Philorhiniini fiovicola Champion,

India 242 Phloeonomiis (Phloeostiba) piiiicola

Champion, India 242 Planeustomus pusae Cameron, India 143 Priochirus (Cephalomerus) major

Cameron, India 142 „ (Cephalomerus) rufus

Cameron, India 142 „ (Triacanthus) fletcheri

Cameron, India 142 „ (Triacanthus) fletcheri, v.

analis Cam,eron, India 142 Prophalidura truncata Sharp, Australia 7 Psephenoides gahani Champion,

India 194 Pseudobrachida nigriventris Cameron,

Ceylon 52 Quedius (Quedionuchus) nilgiriensis

Cameron, India 219 Staphylinus purpurascens Cameron,

India 217 Stenus aurichalceus Champion, India 172 „ bidentatus „ ,, 170

„ bracteatus „ „ 173

„ mucronatus „ „ 171

,, seminiger ,, ,, 171

,, viriditinctus „ „ 172

Tachychara discipennis „ Ceylon 53

DIPTERA.

Dixa snbmaculata F. W. Edirards,

England 269 Philonicus domesticus Ricardo,

N. Persia 278 Pipuiiciilus flavitarsis ColUn,England 275 Hammomyia dissimilis Villeneiive,

France 227 Tipiila nebulosa Hudson, Netr Zealand 276

HEMIPTERA.

Anoscopiip kirschbaiTini J. Edivards,

Britain 55

Aphrophora maculata J. Ed^vards,

Britain 53

Atheroides brevicornis Laing	41
„ junci „	44
Limotettix persimilis J. Edwards	67
Macropsis scotti „	55
Oncopsis avellanae „	54
„ carpinicola	54
Poliaspis gaultheriae Green	,
(introduc	ed) 126

LEPIDOPTERA.

Abraxas grossulariata L., var. aiireo-

fasciata Porritt, England 100

„ „ var. lunulata „ „ 99 • , ,, var. lntea-varleyata

Porritt, England 102

,, ,, var. mixta ,, „ 101 ,, ,, var. nigro-varleyata

Porritt, England 102

„ var. oderst'eltia „ „ 101

,. ,, var. raynori ,, ,, 100 „ ,, var. sparsata-hazeleig-

hensis Porritt, Engla nd 102 ,, ,, var. sparsata-varleyata

Porritt, England 101

,, ,, var. vauata ,, ,, 101 Mepracraspediis pentheres Dnrrant,

S. France 10 Porina aiatumnalis G. V. Hudson,

Neic Zealand 277

„ oreas ,, ., 277

Sitotrog'a nea Durrani, 8. Fra nee ... 9

HYMENOPTERA.

GENUS

Alfonsiella Waterston 198

SPECIES.

Alfonsiella fimbriata }] aterston.

East Africa 199

THYSANOPTERA

Aeolothrips ericae Bagnall, Britain... 60 „ maciilosus, var. costalis,

Bagnall, Britain 62

,, parvicornis ,, >, 62

EXPLANATION OF PLATES

Plate T.— Portrait of Lord Walsingham, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S. (see pp. 25-28).

„ III. — Eumerus strif/atus Fallen and E. tuherculatus Rondani (see pp. 102- 106).

ERRATA

Page 8, line 12 from bottom, /or " nsects " read '-'insects."

,, for " cerussella " read " cerusella." „ for " eucophearia " read " leucophearia . „ for " the " read " thb.'' top, for " In " read " in." „ for " j)hi/ippin?is " read " 2)hilippina." ,, for " Priorchirus^' read " Priockirus." ,, for " applying " read " not applying-."

„ 182, lines 17 and 18 from bottom, /o;- "except tionally " read

'" exceptionally." „ 187, line 7 from top, /or " ti-acts " read " tracks." „ „ ,, 4 ,, bottom, for " my " 7-ead *' Rue." „ 263, lines 6 and 7 from top, /or " British" j'ead "Bristol."

18 ,	, 11
19 ,	2
47 ,	, 11
133 ,	, 18
135 ,	, 9
142 „	15
147 ,	, 16

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II. ^V. LLOYD, r.E.S. G. T. PORRITT, E.L.S.

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[THIED SERIES, VOL. VL] V^/./. as, -,

STUDIES IN RHYNCHOPHOKA. BY D. SIIAEP, M.A., F.H.S.

Viri.— ON PHALIDURA. AMYCTERIDAE*

The Anii/cteridae comprise probably somewhere about one thousand species at present existing in Australia and forming one of tlie most remarkable items in the wonderful insect-fauna of that region; They have recently attracted the attention of Dr. E. W. Ferguson of Sydney, who has pulilished portions of a revision of the family in the Proe. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., beginning in Vol. xxxiv, 1909. This is a most useful and carefully ))repared work, and forms an excellent preliminary to a more extended study, which we may hope Dr. Fei'guson will be able to under- take when he has completed his present series, and when we may hope the fauna will be better known than it is at present.

The famil}- is as jq\> in a state when almost all our knowledge is derived from the study of the males, which exhibit very extraordinary characters. The other sex is in the preliminar}' state of our knowledge almost neglected.

As this communication is limited to the genus usually called Psalidura, and as this has never been satisfactorily defined, it is necessary to begin with some statements as to n(nuenclature that Dr. Ferguson has left open.

Among the first insects of the family described was the " Curculio minthilis '■' of W. Kirby (Tr. Linn. Soc. xii, 1818). This, as Dr. Ferguson

* The contribution that appeared in this Ivlagazini' for July last, was nnmberod as "4" of the series, but it should have been VII. No. 4 was published by tlie Ent. Soc. London in litlt*. No. 5 by the Hawaiian Ent. Soc. in 1918, and No. 0 appeared in the Journal of the New York Eut. Soc. 1918.

2 [January,

believes, has been wrongly identified, but before considering that more fully it is desirable to deal with the generic term.

The first genus specially described for an}^ member of the Amyc- teridae was by Fischer von Waldheim in the Mem. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou, vi, 1823. pp. 265, 266. This description has not been accessible in Australia and it is therefore Avell to reproduce it here, which I am able to do by the aid of Mr. Champion, who has been so kind as to copy it for me.

" PhaJidura mirahilis MacLeay. Titul. fig. ir.

Genus Phalidiirae sane mirabi/f, rtd Ciirciiliom'fes pertinens, rostro gnudet abbrevidto obtnso, aperto, labro nullo adparente ita ut oiumdibulae fortes, latae, triangulares, inclinatae, rostri psittacini ad instar, in conspectnm veniant, Jteliquae partes individuu meo dejicere videntnr. Mentiim adpendicem triangu- hirem hahet. Antennae fractae 7-articidis liberis, sed articuli clavae ohiongae, apice acnminntae ita sunt adproximatae, ut numerus eorum eerie oculis meis oceultetur. Pili parui, per quatuor series disposi/i, quatuor etiam articulos suspicari sinunt. Pli. tola iiijira, supra variolosa.

Hah. Nova HoLLA^'DIA."

This diagnosis and the mention of mirahilis MacLeay as the type settle the question as to how the name must be applied.

In the Munich catalogue of Coleoptera, Vol. viii, 1871, Gemminger and Harold altered Fischer's name to PsaJidura, and this has since been used, but it cannot be accepted, as it amounts to the replacement of an old name by a newer one, Phalidnra and Psalidura being quite distinct words.

I have already mentioned that among the fii'st described species of Amycferidae was the Curcnlio mirahilis of Kirb}^ and it has been taken for granted that this is the type of the genus Phalidi/ra. Dr. Ferguson has, however, pointed out that there is good reason for believing that MacLea}" was wrong in his identification of Kirb3''s insect, and on referring to Kirby's description and figure I think there can be no doubt that he is correct. Neither of these is applicable to MacLeay's " mi7'ahilis,''^ but they are fairly congruous with an insect of the -impressa-grouY). P. iuqrressa is the commoner of the Australian large Phalidurae, and in an extensive old collection that came into my possession there is a male of im^ressa bearing the label "P. mirahilis Kirby, iinjrressa Boisduv.," and another short series of the same species with the general label " P. mirahilis Kirby, Tasmania." I have little doubt that if Kirby's type can be found it will prove to be the common Australian and Tasnianian species usually known as inipre^sa Boisd.,

1P20.] 3

though, as thel*e are several species closely allied to it already known, it may prove to be an ally rather than P. imjjressa itself, for the ligvu*e of the male sexual mechanism is not satisfactory for that of P. impressa, though the discrepancies may be partially if not wholly due to fore- shortening.

The character of Phalidura that has most impressed systematic writers is a peculiar development of forceps at the posterior extremity of the body so that they have been compai-ed with those that are so well known in earwigs {^Forjiculidae), and I propose to make use of that character in a systematic manner to define the genera which at present ai'e confined to one, and as to the limits of which from Talaurinus authorities are not agreed.

The differences in the last ventral plate are unusual. In the Curciilionidae the rule is that the true last ventral is membranous with a chitinised patch, differing in size and in form, on each side of the middle, so that the segment may be said to consist of two pieces, or to be "divided." This plate is entirely concealed in the bodv, and forms the floor of the genital orifice through which the median lobe is extended in functional activity, only the fork of the spiculum and its adjunct or augments intervening between the median lobe and the ventral plate. This is the case with most of the Ainycferidae, cf. AcantJiolopliiis, Cubicorhi/iiclius^ etc.

In TidauriuHS and its allies the two chitinous pieces of the plate exhibit a remarkable series of develojiments wliich attains its maximum in PlutUdura. These developments ap))ear to ine to be probably adequate for purposes of taxonomy : and by adding to them the distinctions that are found in the last dorsal and certain peculiar developments that exist in connection with the extensive membrane that connects the true last ventral with the penultimate, 1 have been able to di'aw up tliis paper.

With Talauriiiiis I cannot deal at present, but I expect it will prove more difticult than the Phalidurines, and I anticipate that the line separating the two will have to be a matter of compromise.

It may be well to remark that the terminal body-segment in Khynchophora is not so simple as it appears on superficial inspection, for it is the seat of infoldings that souietimes go to a great extent and are only detected by examining the interior aspect of the segment. Also that the intersegmental membranes may be extensive and comj)lexly folded. In some of the Orders of insects {c r/. Lepidoptei-a ) the modified terminal segments are treated as parts of the genitalia. In Coleoptera tliev have been but little stmlied.

b2

A [Junuar)',

Phalidurines, trib. nov. Amj'cteridarum,

Maris segmeyito ultimo ventrali lateribus ad super/iciem corporis excurventi- bus, pb(s minusve lyrolomjatis.

The tribe besides having the apices of the last ventral bronght to the surface (either as a branch of a visible pair of forceps or as a minute hard tubercle) has a process attached internally to the membrane at the base of this sternite, giving attachment to large muscles.

There are known to me four forms of the tribe, two having the last dorsal plate (tergite) very highl}^ modified and prominent, so that it projects between the blades of the forcejis of the last ventral ; while in the other two the modification of this tergite is less, so that it does not actually penetrate between the forceps.

They may be tabulated as follows : — ■

1 (4) Last dorsal plate swollen so as to penetrate ljetv;een the projecting pro-

cesses of the last ventral.

2 (o) Forceps of last ventral elongate and linear Phalidura.

3 (j2) Forceps of last ventral thick, short, looking like a clenched nail.

EUSTATIUS.

4 (1) Last dorsal plate so folded as to be placed heliind the ventral processes.

5 (()) Ventral processes (usually long) connected basally only by membrane,

APHALIUUIIA.

6 (5) Ventral processes connected at base by a transverse bar.

Phophalidura.

Phaliduua Fisch. (1823).

This genus contains the largest and most highly-developed forms of the family. The abdomen is capable of great flexion, so -that the long- forceps can be directed forwaixls. In order to permit this, the penultimate tergite is remarkably elongate ; the blades of the forceps sometimes have a small lamina, sometimes are quite destitute of one.

The type of the genus is P. reticulata Boisd. (= onirahilis Mac- • Leay, nee Kirby). It includes groups 1 and 2 of Ferguson's revision, and probably most of his other species as far as grouj? G.

EusTATirs, gen. nov.

Maris seymenio tdtimo ventrali prucessum crassmn Jiaiid prominulum formante.

This is a squat black insect of peculiar shape, with the last dorsal plate turned to the under surface of the body and there exposed to the length of 1| mm. ; at its sides the ends of the blunt forcejjs are exposed, and look like clenched nails. These processes on dissection are found to

1920.] 5

be broadh' separate by intervening membrane, having in the middle a small i^rocess for the attachment o£ muscles.

Eitstatius fergusoiii, sp. n.

J. Latus, prinnn C(»n'e.nis, ni(/er ; thorace fransvcrso, (huise arr/nte (/ranu- lato ; elytrls suhcodatis intersfitiis foveatis. Long. 16, lat. 7 nun.

Hah. Australia (Coomoo in 1886).

I have seen but one specimen of this species, and it does not resemble any other known to me. The sculpture of the thorax consists of flattened granules or small tubercles very evenh^ distributed ; its length scarcely 5 mm., its breadth 5| ; it is broader than the base of the elytra, but narrower than their broadest part. The elytra are much rounded at the sides, with blunt shoulders not at all accommodated to the thorax ; they have each seven serial elevations of which the 2nd, 4th, and 6th are less than the others and consist of granulations, connected Qn the 2nd but separated on the 4th and 6th ; between these ribs there are large depres- sions, separated each from tlie following only by a fine transverse elevation which is more or less indistinctly granulate ; there are no projections at the apex. The legs are rather stout for this family. The metastei-num is extremely short, not impressed, in front slightly margined, and in the middle sending off in front of the margin a minute process that meets the mesosternum between the legs.

The last ventral plate (the true Sth) is divided, the two pieces very thick, obtuse, very like a pair of widely separated mandibles. There is only membrane between them at the base, but from the inner face of this membrane there projects a small but rather stout, conical, black process, only the end of which is laminar in form ; 5th (really 7th) ventral plate also highly modified, its land margin folded forwards so as to make a highly-polished area on the inside of the body wliich is the support of the preanal fossa visible on the outside ; in front of the preanal fossa the surface is impressed, and has some hair which is con- densed on each side to form a fascicle after the manner of Phaliclura.

The last dorsal is highh' modified ; its infiexed portion has three faces and is very irregular in form, the outer part (the really anterior) is curved, 2 mm. long, with much short hair, and above that impressed for the accommodation of the ventral processes ; after the hair it is abruptly doubled in, the first part of the inflexion (which is invisible without dissection) being dull, and be^^ond that highly jwlished. The penultimate is simple, transverse, 2^ mm. long, 4:^ broad. The spiculum is rather stout, with a roughly rounded dilatation at the free extremity;

Q [January,

the fork very asymmetrical, one branch Leung nearly absent and the other almost like a continuation of the rod ; there is a somewhat strongly chitinised part of the adjacent membrane densely studded with minute asjjerities.

The tegmen has a small bridge (not, however, so minute as in the allied genera) ; the strut is stout, much dilated at the extremity. Median lobe sti-ongly bent, the apex a little prolonged and recurved and nearly truncate, just visibly emarginate ; the struts are long and broad, connected with the bodj^ by a slender junction ; median orifice pl.iced far from the tip, and owing to the abrupt deflection looking backwards as much as upwards, it exhibits a pair of definite hard pieces (volets or hinge apparatus), the diameter of the body is swollen on each side of the median orifice. 'J'he sac is large, as long as the struts, with a small secondary lobe concealed by the tegmen-strut ; the apical part densely covered by minute structures making it dark and the transfer apparatus difficult to see, but apparently it is of the dujilicate form, much as in other Phalidurinae. I see no subtegmmal diverticulum.

The only specimen of this interesting insect has apparently lived among some pallid clay, which adheres and obscures the minnte clothing.

Ai'iiALTDURA, gen. nov.

Mas, sc</iunttu tdtimu ventraH processubus ad siipevjicicin prove^iientibus, me7nbr(t7i(i abMpw pruccssn trttnsverso.

This genus is probably a composite one, as it is defined by negative characters, and will com[)rise those species at present placed in l*haluhira in which the last dorsal is folded back behind the forceps without bulging forwards between their blades, though in some species it sends long hairs between the blades. The tj'pe is P. impressa (Boisd.) which may, as previously stated, ]jrove to be mi rah/ /is Kirby. This insect has the membrane of the 8th ventral plate provided with a vertical lamina as in Phalidura. and should there be similar species without a lamina, they should be rejected from the genus. P. aloanei Ferg., hrei'ij'oniiis F., and probaldy other of his Psalidarae belong to it.

PROPHALiurRA, gen. nov.

Mas, s((/7}ieido aUhno reiitrali utrinqne t/djercnliwi ifi.r pi'omiiieniem for- maide ; ad bas n lamina transversa immito, ante hanc lanmia verticali interna.

The type of this genus is Talattrinus riverinae MacLeay. The characters are that the two divisions of the last ventral are hard thick pieces, not forming forceps, but coming to the surface where they are visible, as minute acuminate tubercles at the outside of the last dorsal,

lit 20.} n

one on each side ; these pieces are connected at their base by a transverse bar, which is connected with them so that its points act as pivots ; in front of this bar there is a strong vertical lamina. There are various species of Talaurinus more or less similar to those of Propluilidura, but I think the genus should not include any that do not exhibit the characters mentioned above. The species ai'e extremely difficult to define, and will, I believe, be found to be best distinguished by the slight dift'erences that exist in the structures of the copulatory apparatus. I am unable to determine any of the species, except P. riverinae, as known to Ferguson. I think, therefore, that the three known to me may be con- sidered by him as varieties of P. riverinae, which I think is not the case. I will briefly define one of them.

Prophcdidura truiicata, sp. n.

Ki(/ra tomento sordido obscnrata ; prothorace pallido-trivittatn, fortiter tuberciilato, elyt.ris ffrnnulis ^jar<;ts elevatis anterius obsoletis. Lotiy. 12, lat. Q\ 111)11.

Very closely allied to P. riverinae, but smaller and narrower ; the tubercles of the thorax are large, but the granules on the elytra are smaller and less distinct. The setosity of the upper surface is well marked, pallid. There is no projection at the tip of the elytra, and in the male there is the same truncate appearance as in riverinae.

In the male the Stii ventral plate is formed much as in riverinae, though the impressions are not quite so marked ; the processes of the last ventral are smaller: the last dorsal is narrower and its folding-over a little different at the line of doubling.

The spiculum is smaller and the dilatation near its base is obsolete. The median lobe is shorter and more bent, and a little more pointed.

The pair of this species come from an old collection and are labelled " P. truncata, Australia.'' I expect that when the sac is evej'ted it will prove the form to be really distinct.

Brockenhurst.

Sejftember 18th, 1919.

ABAX (PTEROSTICHUS) PABALLELUS Dufts., A BEETLE NEW TO

BRITAIN. BY K. a. BLAIE, B.SC, F.E.S.

A single specimen of Ahax parallelus Dufts. was taken by my brother, Wm. N. Blair, on the island of St. Maiy's, Scilly, in July 1913, and given to me, but its identitv was not recognised until I came to

• g [Januarj-,

compare it with examples of A. ater Villers {Pterosticluis striola F. of British authors) taken on the island last summer, when it was at once seen to be distinct.

A. ijarallelus is smaller (my specimen, $ , is 16 mm. in length), narrower, and less depressed than A. ater, and has more the appearance of P. nii/er or P. vulgaris. It is, however, a true Aba.r, differing from Pterosticluis in the absence of pores on the third interstice of the elytra, and in having the seventh interstice raised towards the shoulder.

From A. ater it differs principally as follows : —

A, ■parallelus. A. ater.

1. Claw joint of tarsi without bristles Claw joint of tarsi with bristlos on

on under side. under side.

2. Raised 7tb interstice of elytra convex 7th interstice cariniform towards base.

towards base.

3. Head with a single marginal sulcus Head broadly sidcate at sides between

at side§ between eyes. eyes.

A. parallelus appears to be not uncommon throughout Central and Western Europe, occurring frerpiently with A. ater. British Coleopterists should keep a look-out for the insect on the mainland.

The specimen has now been placed in the collection of I>ritisli Coleoptera in the Natural History Museum.

. December nth, 1919.

MEDON OBSCURELLUS Erichs., AN ADDITION TO THE BRITISH LIST OP COLEOPTERA.

BY E. A. NEWBERT.

J have recently sent to Colonel Sainte Claire Deville two dissimilar nsects which have stood for years in my collection as Medoii obsoletiis. With his usial kindness he has examined them for me, and returns them as M. ohsolc'/us Nordm. (verisim.) and 21. ohscurellus Erichs.

Both these insects belong to the subgenus Pseud omed on Mnls. etliev, distinguished chiefly by the extremely tine and thick punctulation of the uj^per surface and the absence of a smooth impunctate longitudinal line on the thorax. The two species are extremely closely allied, but may be distinguished by the following characters taken from Ganglbauer (Kafer von Mitteleur. ii, p. 524) :—

Dull pitcli-black. Thorax and elytra sometimes brown, antennae, palpi, and legs brownish-red, the middle joints of the antennae, the palpi, and usually . also the femora and tibiae, brownish. Head narrower than thorax, scarcely

1920.] 9

widened behind. Anteniifle some-nhnt slender and short, their .3rd joint dis- tinctly longer than 2nd. Thorax us long as broad, narrower than elytra, scarcely narrowed behind. Elytra one-third longer than thorax. 6th -ventral segment in J only very slightly eniarginate at apex. Long. 3-3'5 mm. Spread over the greater part of Europe, less common than the following species M. obsoletus Nordui.

Colour generally of a lighter brown or red-brown ; antennae, palpi, and legs entirely reddish-yellow. Head larger, somewhat widened behind, and almost as broad as thorax. 3rd joint of antennae scarcely longer than 2nd. Elytra in general shorter. 6th ventral segment in c^ narrowed at apex, and somewhat sharply and angularly emarginate. Long. 3-3-3 mm.

M. obacurellus Erichs.

It may be observed that while ray two specimens conform well to the above description of ohscurellus, the two referred to obsoletus do not altogether fit the description of that insect. The antennae are not in- fuscate in middle and the palpi and legs are red. Nevertheless, as should be the case, the entire insect is much darker and the thorax differently shaped. J/, obsoletus has been in our lists for 3'ears, so I can only conclude that mine are abnormal individuals, which did not altogether satisfy Colonel Deville.

The two examples of obscurellus were taken in haystack refuse at Shiere, Surrey, by Dr. Capron, many years ago. There is no doubt others were in his collection, which passed into the hands of Mr. E. wSaunders and Mr. G. C. Champion. The two specimens of obsoletus were fronr the New Forest.

13 Oppidans Road, N.W. 3. December VAth, 1919.

NEW FEENCH MICROLEPIDOPTERA. BY THE IIIGHT HON. LORD WALSIXGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.Il.S.

(Continued from Vol. 45, page 233.)

Edited by .Ino. TIautley Durrant. (By Permission of the Trustees of tlie British Museum.)

GELECHIADAE.

321. SITOTROGA Hnm.

2902-1. Sitotroga nea, sp. n.

Antennae more than half the length of the wing, with strong basal pecten ; dull straw-colour. Palpi pale straw ; the median joint tufted beneath, the terminal joint slightly recurved. Head and Thorax pale straminenus. Fore- winys elongate-lanceolate ; pale stramineous, with tawny brownish speckling grouped in a costal streak at the base and a costal spot beyond the middle, au elongate discal spot scarcely before the middle, and another resting on the

1 A [January,

fold, below ami somewhat before it, tlie ppeckliiifr being carried along the fold to the base ; at the lower edge of the plical patch is, a sin.ill black spot lying on the fold ; along the ternieu the brown speckling is almost continuous, lorming a narrow band in wliich is another small black spot at about the ruiddle; there are also indications of three brown spots along tlie middle of the terminal cilia which are pale stramineous. Exp. nl 11-13 mm. Jlimhvuujs not wider than the forewmgs; pale shining sLeel-grey ; cilia with a pale bronzy tinge. Abdomen and Leys pale shining stramineous.

Tijpe. 6 (95926) ; $ (95927), Mus. Wlsin. BM.

Hah. S. France : Alpes-Mah. : Cabbe-Roquebrvtne, 27.V.1913 {TVlsm.). Five specimens from a tuft of dry grass in a patch of mixed herbage on the shore, nearly at sea-level — the five specimens were all from the same tuft of grass, no others were seen. On my last visit to Monte Carlo, in 1916, I found that all this vegetation had been entirely washed away by the sea ; no trace left of any grass-tufts similar to that from which the species was taken.

341. MEGACRASPEDUS Z.

3008-1 Megacraspedus pentheres, sp. n.

Antennae three-fourths; stone-whitish, speckled with cinereous. Pulpi projecting twice the length of the head beyond it; the long tuft on the median joint stone-whitish, much speckled with brownish cinereous beneath ; terminal joint short, upstanding, whitish. Head stone-white. Thorax stone-whitish, speckled with brownish cinereous. Foreichu/s stone-whitish, dusted with brownish cinereous; with minute black speckling around the outer third of the costa, continuing around the apex and along the dorsum to within one-third of the base ; there are also three small, elongate, black dots, one in the fold beyond the middle, another slightly above and beyond it on the disc, and a third in the same line with the latter, about the end of the cell — the middle •spot equidistant between the other two ; cilia with a pale bronzy brown sheen. Kq). al. 2-10 mm. mndwim/s shining, pale bluish grey; cilia with a pale brownish bronzy sheen. Abdomen dull brownish grey. Lef/s stone-whitish,

Tijpe. 6 (95931) ; Mus. Wlsm. BM.

Rah. S. Feaxce: Basses-Alpes: Annot, 19-12.VIII.1913(pr/s;«.). •Seven specimens taken on the slope below the Chambre du Eoi, but found only in one spot on a walled-uj) terrace, formerly cultivated. Probably nearest to attriteUus Chr., but rather more clearly marked, less suffused, and with longer tuft on the palpi.

Insects damaging lead and other metal-work. — In this Magazine for iOecember 1919 (p. 278) Mr. F. Laing has given an interesting summary relating to damage of lead by insects. To this I am able to add references to

i9:oj 11

some published observations, and also the record of a somowliat pnzzlin>^- case hitherto unpublished.

Additional published records: -(i) Tlie "Entomologist," vol. 42, 1900, p. 37, gives a note on the piercing of thick lead gas-pipe by Lyctus canalicu- lafu.1 in Tasmania, (ii) In the Annual lieport of the Zoologist to the R. Agricultural Society fur 1911, p. 6, Mr. C. Warburton r«:'fer3 to some sheet-lead, forming part of a rain-gutter, and nearly j^-iuch thick, being " perforjvted like a sieve " by Anobiid beetles, *" presumably in their efforts to attain the underlying wo )d." This occurred at Lower St nage, Radnorshire. No specimens of the beetles themselves were received, but the lead, a piece of which is in Mr. Warburton's possession, shows borings of the size tnd form of those made by Anohiiim striatum (■=domesticum). (iii) The metal-piercing powers of Sirex are well known, but a recent article on the subject may be cited. In " The English Mechanic," No. 2495, 17.1.1913, reference is made to a writer in " Zur Guten Stunde " on the habits uf Sirex yiyas. Holes made by it were said to have been found in tin roofs, and in the mint at Vienna was a safe, the ^-inch ste.4 plates of whicli were stated to have been perforated by tlie insect. In tlie same article are mentioned some cases brought to the notice of the French Academy of Sciences : in a barrel of cartridges stored for some time the insects had eaten thr ni^h barrel, cartridges, and leaden bullets ; other boxes of cartridges, dating from the time of the Crimean War, and perforated by Sirex, were also shown.

The hitherto unpublished " puzzle " is as follows : — In this Museum we have a piece of deal board 17 mm. (about |i-inch) thick, a smaller piece of wood, and a piece of lead a little under 3 mm. (about y\j-inch) thick, all perforated by insects. These nmterials formed part of the roof of an old bakery at Roding Green, South Woodford, Essex, which was converted into cottages in 1915, though it had been used as a bakery till not long before. The \voodwork of the tiled roof was much perforated, also a leaden gutter and flat and the b )arding beneath the latter. The holes through the lead were said to have begun to appear some four or live years earlier. The small piece of wood and the lead sent here were in contact, and both are pierced by one and the same boring. The burrows contnined wood- and lead-dust formed by the gnawing; of insects. Tlie only insects found during the repairs of 1915 were living larvae and pupae of Tenebrio molitor (species determined from pupae). They were in the woodwt)rk of the tiled roof, but it is not certain whether any were at that time in the boarding under the lead. It is curious that the lead should have been perforated while much woodwork remained untouched inside. The above pai-ticulars were supplied by the architect, Mr. II. J. Venning.

Was Tenebrio the perforator of the wood and lead ? Some entomologists to whom I mentioned the matter thought that the burrows were those of Xesiobium, and that the Tenebrio had wandered into them later. But in tlie specimeiiS received here the borings are too large for those of Xestobium, and quite the wrong shape. In cross-section they are all more or less oval, usually rather long-oval. This is not due to their being cut across obliquely, for their direction is straight through the board (which was in contact with other materials on both sides) almost at right angles to its surface, and they are mostly separated by from a half to one inch of untouched wood^

1 2 [January,

The cro99-?ec1ion of several of them ineasiire.s respectively 9x4,7x4,4x3, 4xl'"5 mm., these figures beiiiji^ the longest and shortest diameters of the oval. These dimensions indicate the variation in size and the oval form. At the place where the small piece of wood was in contact with the lead tlie boring- is of a very long-'Oval shape, the insect having made its bm-row extra wide at that point ; and the perforation through tbe lead is curiously splayed, me:isuring about 9x3 mm. on the side in contact with the wood, but only /Jx2 mm. on the other side. All this appears unlike the known work of Xestobium. I am inclined to think that the damage inay have been done by Tenehrin. AVhether it was so or not, the habits of this beetle are at all events singularly diverse. Thouj^h usually found in flour and meal, it has been stated to eat dead wood, rags, dried bread, carrion (dead insects, smull dead mammals, etc.) : while a ca<e is on record of the adult beetles fixing themselves by their jaws to the legs of brooding hens and drawing blood to such an extent that the birds were much weakened, and some even died (M(5gnin, C.-K. Soc. Biol. (Paris), o3, 1901, p. 834).— Hugh Scott, University Museum of Zoology, Cambridge: Deveinher B/.h, 1919.

Insects damaying lead: s>i/>2)lementa7-i/ note. — Since writing my note on insects damnging lead (Ent. Mo. Mag. Iv, Dec. 1919, p. 278) Dr. C. J. Gahan and Major E. E. Austen have provided me with additional references. Both Westwood (lutrod. Mod. Clnss. Insects, 1839, i, p. 360) and Audouin (Oompt. Rend, de I'Acad. des Sci., Bull. ii. p. Ixxvi, 1833, and Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. t. ii, p. Ixxvi, 1833) mention Hylotrupes hajuhts Linn, as boring through sheets of lead. In 1844 Desmarest brouglit the subject up to date (Rev. Zool. pp. 90-97), and the matter of this ])aper was incorporated by Dumt^ril in his suiumary of 18-57 (Comp. Rend, des Seances de I'Acad. des Sci. xlv, pp. SGl- 3t>7). The insects specifically mentioned are Bostrichus capncinus Linn., which Du Boys found boring through lead type to a depth of 14 mm., and Cullidium sanyuineum Linn., which Uu Bjj's proved experimentally to be capable of b iring through lead crucibles. In 1857 occurred the classical case of the lead bullets destined for the French troops in the Crimea being bored through or otherwise injured by Sirex juvencus Linn. The subject is fully dealt with iu the following papers: —Marechal Vaillant, Letter to the Russian Ambassador upon the subject, Compt. Rend, de I'Acad. des Sci. xlv, 1857, pp. 360-361 ; I)um6ril, op. cit. pp. 361-367, and Rev. et Mag. Zool. (2) 1857, T. 9, No. 9, pp. 416-417, and pp. 417-420, giving Guerin's criticisms ; and Ann. Ent. Soc. Fr. (3) vi. Bull. pp. cxlvii-cxlviii, 1858. This case is also referred to in such Avorks as Brehm's "Thierlebeu" (French Edit.) and Fabre. Ijucas in 1861 (Ann. Ent. Soc. Fr. (4) i, Bull. p. xxiv) showed before the Zoological Society of Paris several bullets, manufactured in 1856 at the Arsenal of Grenoble, damaged bv Sirex gigas, and it may have been this insect which caused similar damage at the Arsenal of Turin iu 1844. For the sake of completeness I add two cases which must be taken with reserve. Vaillaut in his letter to the Russian Ambassador mentioned larvae of Cetonia aurata Linn, as having bored tln-ough sheets of lead, lying on the ground, and Desmarest in his summary of 1844 relates how Cetonia cardui Dej. ( = Ceto7iia opaca Fabr.) pierced sheets of lead placed around beehives to keep the beetles from getting at the honey, and how zinc sheeting had to be substituted.— F. Laing, British Museum (Nat. Hist.) : rccemba- 10th, 1919.

1020.] 13

Pests of Ahno7id trees in Palestine. — -Mr. Geraon Oarl), of New York, receiitlj' retar.'ied from Palestine, has brought to the Natural History Museum for identiti cation three species of insects which he reports to be causing serious daaiage to the almond crop in that country. Two of these are wood- or bark- boring beetles, viz Ca/modis carhoimria Klug {Buprestidae) and Eccoptoyaster (Sco/i/tus) cniii/f/dali Gu6i\ (Sco/yfidae) ; tlie third is the Aphid Tuberodryubius persicae Cholodk. As the Ccqmodis does not appear to have been recorded as a pest of this tree the following note on the injury caused by it, supplied by Mr. Garb, may be of interest : — " The specimens were collected on almond trees in the colony Gderah, south of Jaffa, Palestine, on July 10th, 1919. Fully and nearly fully grown larvae were found boring between the inner bark and the wood of the underground portion of the stem and of the roots. The borings began at about an inch below the surface and then extended down- wards or into the roots. In many young trees the underground portion of the stem was completely girdled. The pupae were found in an enlarged hollow of the boring, head pointing upward, about two inches below the surface, except in one case where it was lying much deeper. Several adults were found in their pupal chambers, ready to emerge. One adult was collected resting on the stem of an adjoining tree, about a foot or so above the surface of the ground, on the day after the infested tree had been uprooted. The insect was found also in several other localities, notablj' iu the colonies of Ekron, Beer-Jacob and Pishon, and is becoming of great economic importance to the almond industry of Palestine," C. cariosa Pail, and C. tenebrionis L. have been recorded damaging plum and cherry trees in Ualmatia in a similar manner. — K. G. Blair, British Museum (Nat. History), S. Kensington; November 28th, 1919.

[At Salonika, Besika Bay, and other localities in the Eastern Mediter- ranean, I frequently used to tiud two or three species of Capnodis (teiiebrionis 1j. being the most common) on the trunks of old and gnarled apricot and other fruit-trees. The beetles, with the more attractive Chalcophora stiymatica Ualm., were evidently bred in these trees, in which the ravages of their larvae were only too conspicuous. — J. J. W.]

Further additions to the Coleoptera Fauna of the Scilly Islands. — Of some 150 species of Coleoptera collected in the Scilly Islands, for the most part iu July last, twenty-three appear to be hitherto unrecorded from the islands. Many of them are large, conspicuous insects, and particular interest attaches to the fact that one of them is an addition to the lirilish list. The new records for the islands are as follows: — Curabns violaiens L., Harpulus tardus Pz. [ruJimaHus Marsh.), Abax ater Villers [Pterosticlius utriola F.), A. parallelua Dufts. (new to Britain, see atite, p. 7), Cillenns lateralis Sam., Tachypus Jlavipeg L., Gyrimis natntor Scop., Dadobia {Ilomalota) inmiersa Heer, Tachinus sub- terraneus L., Ocypus compressus Marsh., Xantholinus longive7itris Heer, Bledius femoralis Gyll., Oxytelus maritimus Thorns., Silpha obscura L., I'halacriia corruscus Pk., Olibrus affinis Sturm, Apliodius prodromus Brahm., Lema melatiopa Li., Phuedon tuniiduluni Germ., Sphaeroderma cardui GyW., Crepido- dera helxines L., Trachyjihloeus scaber L., Sitones Jlavesceiis Marsh. Of these Tachinus subterraneus and Xantholinus lonyiventris were collected iu Scill}^ and

J 4 [January,

presented to the IJritisli Museum by Colonel Yerbiiry in 1904, but have not been recorded. The latter has again been found by me this year. The occur- rence of the black form of Cetonia aurata (var. nigra Gaut.) has already been noted by me in this Magazine for September last. Anobium fulvicorne Sturm, recorded by me from Scilly in Ent. Mo. Mag. 1912, p. 11, should be corrected to A. domeiiticnm Fourcr. ; the species again has been captured bj' me this year. For the ideiititications of the smaller species of Stnphi/Uuidae I am indebted to Dr. Malcolm Cameron, K.N. — K. G. Elaih, Britisii Museum (Nat. Hist.), S. Kensington, S. W. 7 : December Sth, 1919.

Ilarpnlus ■i-pmictatus var. montivriffus Reitt. in Ireland. — On the return journey from a collecting excursion to S.W. Ireland this year (1919), a short stay in Dublin afforded me an opportunity of visiting the Sugar Loaf Monntaiu in County Wicklow in search of Harpalus 4-pmictatus, and on July 2nd, in Company with Mr. L. H, Bonaparte- Wyse, who had taken several examples of it there in 1917, we were fortunate in securing a fairly good series including about a dozeu specimens each of the var. montivapus, in which the leg.s are black or dark piceous instead of red as in the typical form.* This colour differ- ence is very conspicuous even in life, and gives the insect such a distinct aspect when running amongst the roots of heather that at first sight it might be easily mistaken for some other species. It was scai'oer than the type form, and, with the exception of a swingle female, all the specimens I took are males. Reitter originally described mnntiva(/ns, Verhandl. d. Naturforsch. \'er. in Briinn, 38, 1899, p. 99 (1900), as a black-legged variety of ■i-pnnctatus and retains it as such in his " Fauna Germanica," Kafer, i, 1908, p. 174 ; but in the 1906 edition of the European Catalogue it is given as a distinct species. As far as I can learn it has not been found on the Scottish mountains, or in any of the other localities in Britain where the type form has occurred, and it is stated to be rare on the Continent. — O. IC. Janson, 95 Claremout Koad, Highgate, N. 6 : December, 1919.

Orochctres nngvstatus Er. in Scotland. — On November 18th, 1919, whilst working flood-refuse on the banks of the River Tweed near Peebles, 1 was fortunate enough to find one specimen of this rare species. So far as I know, this is the first record of its capture in Scotland. Through the kindness of Prof. T. Hudson Beare I have had the opportunity of comparing it with an authentic Continental e.xample, with which it agrees in every detail, asAvell as with the description given on p. 82 of vol. vi of Fowler's " Coleoptera of the British Islands." — James E. Black, Nethercroft, Peebles : December 1919.

Coleoptera in the O.vford district during 1919. — The past season here has been on the whole a poor one for beetles, wintry conditions prevailing up to May 1st, on which date snowballing was possible in Oxford ; and later on there were not many days on wliich the sweeping-net could be used to advantage. This was especially the case in the autumn, and the scarcity of the Aniaotomidae and other beetles usually looked out for at that season was only too evident.

* A <J of the red-legged form was captured by myself at the same locality in June 1878 (cf. Eat. Mo. Mag. IV, p. 88, Sei)t. IsTS;.— O. C. C.

1920.1 15

A few interesting species have, however, put in an appearance, of wliich I may note the following : Pterostichus lepidus and Amara patricia, not uncommon in and about the sand-pit at Tubuey early in August, where also I was fortunate in finding Ocyptis cyaiieus singly on three or four occasions, but it appeared to be out for a very short time. Homalota spleiidens (two on Shotover Hill, May 14th), Enplectus abeillei (2), Smicrus flicornis (1), Saprimis virescens. occasionally (once found in company with Gasfroidea viriduln on the Cherwell bank), Chorayus sheppardi and Ceuthorrhynchidius mixtus were among the better species obtained by sweeping. One specimen of the latter rare weevil Avas taken on May 18th in a weedy lane quite close to my house ; and on the 22nd another was swept from nettles, etc., at Ileadington Wick, Oxon, but it took to wing just as I had identified it in the net. On October 21st, the last day in the year on which conditions were suitable for sweeping, Oaypoda spectnhilis (1), Qiiedius puncticoUis (2), and Salpingus viutilatus (1), were taken at Wytham Park, Berks.

On May 30th I foimd Grammoptera amdis'm numbers in the woods beyond Forest Hill, Oxon, on the flowers of Pyrus torminalis as well as on those of hawthorn. Prionus coriarius ^ was taken on July 21st on a dead birch at Tubuey, on which tree it had occurred before, and a fine female Criocephalus feius was picked up in the University Museum on August 19th. Single speci- mens of Cryptophagns fumatns and Ptinus se.rpunctafus were found in July in the debris of a nest of Lasiiis fuliyittosus near Cothill, Berks. Ceidhoifhynchus rapae again occurred in the spot where Mr. J. Collins first fovmd it iu 1918, but its food-plant having been mown down just as the beetle was appearing, only a very few specimens were secured. A nice series of C. viduatus was taken in September on a few plants of Stnchys palusfris growing beside the canal near Yarnton. Trachys puvula and Apion Jilirostre were more than usually plentiful at ^^^ytham Park in August and September, the former on Nepeta ylechnt)ia as before, the latter on a sparing growth of Lotus corniculatu» among long grass.

On September 2nd I found a new station for Psylliodes lideola and Apion annulwes at Caversfield, near Bicester, Oxon, but both these rare species occurred in very scanty numbers. — James J. Walkkh, Aorangi, Lonsdale Road, Summertown, Oxford; December 15th, 1919.

Notes on the habits of Ammophila hirstda Scop. — The writings of J. H. Fabre, the Peckhams, and otners, on the hahits of the caterpillar-paralyzing sand-wasps, make the doings of these insects appear so extremely fascinating that I should imagine most new students of Aculeates will try to make oppor- tunities for watching the Avimophilae at work. Possibly these opportunities may occur frequently enough to those who happen to live in localities where the insects are common; but my various excursions during the last year or two to the haunts of A. sabulosa, A. canipestris, and A. hivsiita have, until this year, resulted in little better than the acquisition of a series of specimens. Certainly, on one or two occasions, 1 have seen the female hirsutu digging, and have been astonished at the extraordinary sand-sprays which she is able to eject back- wards at intervals like water from a miniature hose. (In the early stages of the excavation, one sees the insect herself shoot backwards an inch or more, as though released from a spring, clearing away quantities of sand by her action.)

26 [January,

In May of this }^ear (1919), however, on one occasion I had ratliev better luck, and a few notes of wliat a female hirsuta did in the course of an hour or so may be wortli reproducing^', though possibly only as confirming previous observations.

At the foot of some sand-hills at Abersoch, North Wales, on a bare stretch of sand amongst the Pstnmna grass, I saw a small hirsiita walking rapidlv, astride a caterpillar, which was encircled just behind the head bv the wasp's long curved mandibles. A s I approached, the wasp flew away. I found the grub to be a yellow-white, hairless, lepidopterous larva, one inch long, a sixth of an inch thick, and very flaccid ; and it showed no sign of life. The wasp, returning suddenlj^ on foot from somewhere, seized the grub near its hinder extremity, carried it a few inches " tail foremost," and then changed round, resuming the original grip behind the grub's head. This amusing mistake and correction were made many times in the course of the journey of twenty yards which followed, along the side of the sand-dune obliquel}' to the top of the ridge. Each time it became necessary for me to make a step in order to overtake the wasp she took fright and left her pre^', and often had great difficulty in finding it again. She always first searched on foot, and, if unsuccessful, took a few circling flights. Even after these, on lauding, she would sometimes run past her caterpillar, and have to begin her search afresh.

During the whole journey she showed terrific energy and excitability, her mien being that of a very fussy terrier. Her wings fluttered and quivered continuously. I clearly saw several times that the limp caterpillar was being carried for a short distance clear of the ground, but could not see where it was held except at the neck, as all the legs of the Ammophila appeared to be in use for locomotion. The only guess I can make is that the grub was nipped be- tween the basal joints of the wasp's hind legs ; that is, unless the sting could have come into play as a partial support.

Arrived at the open burrow, which was in a sloping bank at the summit of the dune, the grub was left outside wdth its head to the opening, whilst the wasp w^ent inside. Her head shortly afterwards appeared, and she dragged the grub in, going backwards herself until she disappeared. After a con- siderable time, during which, doubtless, an egg would be placed upon the caterpillar, she came out and began sending the loose sand backwards into tlie burrow by means of a rapid scratching action, this operation lasting several minutes. Next, many small fragments of dead bracken, broken grass-stem, and shell debris w^ere carried in piecemeal, interspersed with occasional showers of sand ; but the burrow was only filled with this material to about an inch below the entrance. The next business was the closing of the burrow, but I was disappointed to see the wasp try to effect this by placing larger pieces of bracken and stick across the opening, instead of using the small flat stone I had read about. However, all her efforts with this material failed ; the pieces would either slip away or fall inside, and at last she removed them all, per- formed a few scratching and smoothing operations on the sand, and flew away.

I thought this was the end ; but, as I was rising from my cramped watching position, the Ammophila appeared about two yards away, in an unexpected quarter, carrying a large dried rabbit-pellet in her jaws, and looking for all the world like a giant ant with a cocoon. INluch trouble was taken in fitting this pellet into place, but in the end it was not uj^ed, the

Kni-. IVIo. Mac;.. 1!»2(>. Pi.aik 1.

1920.} ]^7

entrance being- finally pliiiij^ed by <i ninoli smaller pellet of the same uatnre. Tiie violent way in wliicli tlie Hist one was got rid of was amusingly suggestive of great annoyance and irritation.

The complete concealment of the entrance, by the sprinkling of t^and over it, was very quickly achieved by the wasp ; but after one could no longer see anything but bare sand, she paid busy attention for several minutes to the surface round about, sending sprays of fine sand in this direction and that, and removing small pieces of debris from one position to another. The " camou- flage " was quite successful on this occasion. It had been my intention to exhume the caterpillar in order to find out where the wasp's e^^ Jiad been attached, but after going away to get my small fern-trowel, I found it impossible to locate the burrow, even with my original footprints in the sand to guide me. I did a lot of digging, but no caterpillar or even rabbit-pellet came to light. — A. E. Buadlky, 6 Shaftesbury Avenue, lioundhay, Leeds: ?iooeinberUth,l^d\d.

^'' Seitz s Macrolepidoptera of the World.'" — Vol. IV.. Palaearctic Geometridae. The English and Erench Editions of this volume are now complete and can be had of the publishers. The author of this section is Mr. L. B. Erout, E.E.S. — Eds.

Lord Walsin(ihiim, we regret to announce, died on December 3rd. A detailed notice, with portrait, will appear in our next issue.

Frederick Herschel Wuterhouse, the last surviving son of G. If. Water- house, died on March ICth last. He was. born on October 4th, 1845, and joined the Zoological Society as Librarian on Eebruarv 1st, 1872, retainino- that po.-^t till the end of 1912, thus completing 40 years of service. , Like his tA'o brothers, he was a keen Coleopterist, all three of them inheriting the love of entomology from their father. Erequenters of the Society's Library, in the old days, at Hanover Square, were often much indebted, to him for assistance in finding the special papers they required, for study. Some years ago he removed from Putney to Lower J3eeding, near Horsham, and his old friends thus lost sight cf him. Waterhouse, during his term of office, prepared a new Catalogue of the Zoological Society's Library and this was; published in 1902. A few of the beetles collected by Darwin during- the voyage of the '' Beaglw '' were described by him in 1879. He was elected an " Associate " of the Linnean Society in that year.

W. J. Ashdoioi of Leatherhead, Surrey, died on JSTovember 9tli, aged G4. He was an industrious collector of Coleoptera, especially in the district in which he resided, and was a personal friend of many of the members of the South London Natural History Society. Not long before he died he presented some speeimens of the very local Sphaeriestes {SulpiiKjus) mutilatus to the British Museum.

-j Q [Jauuaiy,

Societies.

YoHKSHiEE Naturalists' Union: I'^ntomologioal Section. — Tlie Annual Meeting of the Entouiological Section of the YoikMiire Naturalists' Union Avas Leld at the Leeds Institute on October 2otli, 1919, Mr. G. T. PoRRiTT, F.L.S., occupying the chair. There was an exceptionally large attendance of members, the large room being crowded bv entomologists from all parts of the county, whilst the enthusiasm surpassed anything since the outbreak of the war.

All the officers were re-elected.

The reptu't, as given by Mr. B. Morley, one of tlie secretaries, stated that tlie season, especially for Lepidojjtera, had been one of the worst on record, lew species having been really jilenliful, and aiany of the ordinarily common J\^yfii<rte and t'eo^nt'^rwe apparently altogether absent. "Sugar," too, had been a complete failure.

In Coleoptera Dr. W. J. Fordliam, F.E.S., reported that a considerable amount of work had been accomplished and many species added to the cuunty list, complete particulars of which, with the other more interesting county records, would be published later. Of note, however, was the capture of tive. specimens of the black variety of Cicindela cavipastns, the var. funebiia Sturm, near Leeds ; and that Miscodera arctica Pk., and Fierusticlnis lejndus F. Ijad been taken on Allei'thorpe Common in the East Riding.

In Lepkhpteva, Mr. S. L. Mosley, E.E.S., recorded tlie capture of a speci- men of Ciiijeroca>u}ia 7ien'i at HuddersHeld at the beginning of September; by Dr. H. D. Smart, F.E.S., and himself numerous larvae of Cusmia iiffinis were taken from elm at Edlington Wood, near Doncaster, from which the inni^iut-s were of an exceptionally tine dark form; larvae ot Pui-ctlucdiupa j^^P'^l' ''■i^'^ Taeniucmn2M vnuida were abundant on ash, and a lew of those of Asteroncopus sphinx occurred in the same locality. In Wudworth Wood Acroni/cta aim was taken ; and Tortrix cinnamoineana occuired at Duniord Bridge. Dr. Smart had taken Flusia intervoijatiunis commonly at Sandsend ; JMr. A. Smith, Acidalia straminata at Strensall Common, Epitnie pnnilleiaria fairly com- mon in its old locality at Sandburn, a male Cotias ednsa at Harrogate on September 28th, and Cusmia paleacea at York. Mr. E. 1'. Butterlield had taken Flusia vtoneta at Eldwick, near Bingley, and Mr. W. P. Wmcer the sauie species in his garden at Saltaire. Mr. Porritt had added four species to tlio Iludderstield list, in El<tchist,a cerussella, abundant at Kirkheaton, Luierna ocliraceella, common at the same place, and ISpdonota rohoruna and »S'. ronae- colana among rose bushes in his garden at Daltoii, Amphysa prudroinanu he bad found commonly on the moois near Iludderstield at Easter.

In Nenropteru Mr. J. Beanland was able to report tlie capture of three specimens of Syvwetrum sanyuineum between Baildon and IJawksworth by Mr. Morrell. This dragon-fly had not hitherto been recorded for Yorkshiie, and moreover considerably extended its range northwards in Britain.

In Hymenoptera and Biptera, Mr. J. F. Musliam, F.E.S., )'ecorded that at Selby Aculeates of all kinds were conspicuous by their absence in the early part of the year, but that later JJundjiis litcoruin and Vespa vuly<(ri.-i turned up

lSi20.] 19

evervwliei'P. In July he took an example of C'nihro cribrarius 9 strnpprling" hard to convey a speciuien of Snrcopha(;a canuirid to its nest, a heavy load for it. Mr. J. W. Carter, F.E.S., reported that at the Union's meeting at Spurn, AmmopJiilii sabulosa, a new county record, occurred commonly to Mr. C. A. Cheetham, tojiether with Crahro cribrarius, Epeofus riiftjjes and other .species. A curious 9 Sire.v noctilio was taken at Scarboroujih by Mrs. Ilaigli Lninby; it had tlie usual black •antennso, but .spiinging from the apex of the basal joint of the right antenna was a third antenna of about half the normal length, and the colour wholly t'^staceous. Mr. Ivosse Butterfield, F.E.S., reported that the males of Bomhus soriiensis were found not nncommonly at Grassington, and that a new variety of Psithyrus was secured. From pupae found at Buclcden he had bred Vontpihis appro.rimatiis. There were eight additions to the Sawflies. Abiu loiiicerae he had taken at Barden-in-Wharfedale in May, and Mr. C. A. Cheetham had taken Abia eandens at Austwick Moss in June. Mention, too, should be made of the new British Sawfly Lycjaeonematus loes- maeli from Arnclitie. Mr. Cheetham reported that many additions to the Diptera of the county had been made, a list of which will be published later.

Among the numerous exhibits at the meeting maybe mentioned: —

In Coleoptfra. — Mr. A. E. Rhodes exhibited Cicindela campestris var. funebris, of which he had taken five specimens at Horsforth, near Leeds, and a long series of varieties of Strcmr/nlia armata from Haw Park, near Wakefield ; Dr. H. II. Corbett, F.L.S.. remarked on the extraordinary abundance of tliis species at Doncastep during the past summer. Mr. G. B. Walsh exhibited Sphaeridium ■i-maeulatuin, Euthia sclunimi, Micrambe vi/Iosa, Anoplus rohoris, Elleschus bipi.inctatus, and Anthojionius conspersus, from the Scarborough district. Dr. W. J. Fordham exhibited Aleocliara ciuiiculonun from Skipwith, and Atheta languida from Bub with, both new to Yorkshire; and Ayriliis angustulus from Melbourne, near Bubwith.

In Lepidoptern. — Dr. II. D. Smart exhibited Plusia mterrogcdiimis from Yorkshire and Ireland, a tine series of Pieris napi including a banded form, and the yellow form from Ireland, raelanic Acronyctd leporivM from Cannock Chase, blue 5 5 of Lyciiena icarus from Sandsend, melanic Psilura ononacha, variable series of Polia (hi, Hepialus hectus, and Jiduria testata, and (j" Eniaturya atomaria of $ coloration. Mr. G. T. Porritt, Abraxas grossulariufa var. varleyata-sparsata, nearly all black, and probably the finest specimen yet seen, and var. rflr/ey«/a with entirely black fore wings from Huddersfield larvae, series of Zygaena achilleae from Argyllshire, and the recently new British Tortrix Puedisca pomeda.vana from Exeter. Mr. T. H. Fisher exhibited a shoi't series of Arctia caia with hind wings of a crimson-lake colour. Dr. Corbett variable series of Phigalia pieduria and Ilybernia leucophearia, including many melanic forms, from Doncaster. Mr, R. Butterfield, a long series of Phiyalia pedaria, mostly melanic, from Keighley, in illustration of his father's correspondence on the species in the " Naturalist." Ur. Croft, a long bred series of Vanessa io from (orange, about half of which had emerged as the var. cyanosticta ; a Lancashire specimen of Thecla (ptcrcus ab. bellus. Mr. T. A. Lofthouse, F.E.S., melanic Phigalia peduria, and variable Ilybernia eucophearia from Ingleby Greenhow, Notudonta chaonia. Great Ayton, Ebideu crocealis, Linthorpe, Leptograir.ma literaiia, Ingleby Greenhow, Eiipoecilia

20 [January,

offinitann Crang'etown. Mr. B. Mdrley, a series of Arcpircstliia co)iji((jelIa with V. acraiella from Ilaw Park, a varied series of (5 Himera pennuria, and a series of Crocallis elmf/uaria showing tjreat variation in the width of the central band, and including- the recently named variety siynatipeiuiis from Skelmanthorpe.

In Ilymenopfera. — Mr. E. Butterfield showed a series (^S. S S Bimihis soroensis from Grassington exhibiting much colour variation. With them were s])ecimens of a PsithyniH that associated with them, and is either a new British species or an unrecorded variety. He also showed, for Mr. Musham, Crnhro crihrarius and its prey Sarcophcuia carnan'a, and a split cane containing pupae of an Odipierus. Mr. J. W. Carter exhibited the 5 Sirex noctiUo, referred to in the Keport. Mutilla europaea, taken at GlaisdaJe, w^as shown by Mr. Loft- house ; and Exenterus curtisi as recorded from Keighley.

In Neuropfern. — Dr. W. J. Fordham showed Tae^iiopteryx nelmlosd from Bubwith, previously only recorded from Pickering in the county ; also Notlio- elirysa capitata, li/iapJiidin xauthostitpna and other species.

Of other orders were exhibited Xeoitamuif cyayiurits, and Xiphiira atmtn (Dipfera), from Edlington Wood, Doucaster. Also Ap/ielochirus aesfiivi/is [Ileinipteni) from ycroobj', Lines.

Discussions among many of the members took place on various subjects connected witli Yorkshire entomology. — H. 11. Corbktt, lion. Sec.

Tiric South Lonbon Entomoi.ogicai, and Xatuuai, History Socikty : October 9fh, 1919. — JMr. Stanley Edwauos, F.L.S., President, in the Chair.

Mr. J. 11. Leeson, M.L)., J. P., F.L.S., of Twickenham, was elected a member.

Mr. Curweu exhibited Zygaenids from S. Italy, Z. ruhicunda, Z. erythrus, Z. stoecJuidis and ah. dubia, and Z. oxytropis ; aberrations of Z. filipeiidu/ae from Deal ; and Z. trifolii ab. minoidcs from Swinley Woods. Mr. Moore, Monohammus titillator ((^oleopt.), an introduced Longicoru, from Kotlierhitlie. Mr. Barnett, series of the two broods of female Vidyoimttntus icanis, Surrey. Mr. Hy. .T. Turner, Dione vanillae var. vuiculosa, Caljwdes etliHus and Baxiluna wiperialis, all from Cordoba, Argentina.

October 2P,rd, 1919.— The President in the Chair.

Exhibition of and discussion on the " Yeiriation in Aylais nrticoe.'' The Pre.sident introduced the subject by referring to the establishment of t'le genus Aylais by Dalman in 1816. Mr. Hy. J. Turner read a series of Notes dealing with (1) the features available for variation, (2) the lines of actual variation, (.'}) the various named forms w^hich fall into these groups, (4) less frequently occurring forms, (5) extremely rare aberrations, (6) a reference list of the named forms, and (7) short diagnoses of these forms. Mr. Sperring read a series of Notes dealing with (1) racial series from a large number of localities, (2) aberrational and racial variation, (3) ciiaracteristics of various named

]920.] 21

forms -wlncli lie eNliibitcd, niid (4) folom* aberration caused bv applied chemical action. A nuiuLer of members took part in the discussion and exhibited series or special forms.

Mr. Curwen exhibited Sir ex (//'[/as from Twickenham. Mr. B. S. Williams, a series of Chavdeas (jraminis with variable gTound-colour and a specimen with coalesced marking. Mr. Tonge, a series of Oijorabia atitumnaria from Pi-estcu and Langridge Fell, including a strongly melanic form. Mr. Frohawk, a small living larva of i\'o??rc^r/« typhae already fourteen months old; a series of Lime7iitis sihylla showing gradation from type form to ab. nif/rinn ; Druns paphia with somewhat radiated hind wings, and others showing coalescence and suffusion of spots; and Aryynnis cydip/ie, a, series showing gradation in exten.-ion of the spotting and one with only three spots in the roAV on the hind wing,

November }3th, 1919.— The President in the Chair.

The decease of Mr. \V. J. A.'^lulown was announced.

On belialf of the Rev. C. R. N. Burrows a series of larval cases of various species of British Fsyvhides were presented to the Society's collections. Series of Noctua xnntJioyrapha were exhibited b}^ Messrs. R. Adkin, A. E. Tonge, B. S. Williams. Hy. J. Turner, etc., and a discussion took place. Mr. H. J. Tinner gave a list of the named forms with short descriptions, and mentioned the characters which were available for variation, as the ground-colour, the stigmata, the transverse markings, and the scale textuies. Several meu'bers remarked on the extremely large numbers of this species which came to stigar. jMr. Newman exhibited a very dark-banded large form of C'irrhuedia xerampt- Ihia from Sligo, and males of Ennomos anyularia from Regent's Park with considerable contrast between the light central band and the dark outer marginal area. — IIy. J. TriiNEii, Hon. Editor of Froceedinys,

Entomological Socikty of London: Wednesday, October 'isf, 1919. — The Rev. George VVhkeli'R, M.A., F.Z.S., Secretary, in the Cliair.

Mr. Cyril F. Carpenter, Sunrise, 140 Verdant Lane, Hither Green, S.E. 6; Miss L. Evelyn Cheesman, Entomologit-al Dept., Zoological Societv, Regent's Park, N.W. 8 ; Prof. E. Chester Crainpton, Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst, Mass., LT.S.A.; and Mr. Albert H. Elston, Delemout, Childers Street, N, Adehdde, Australia, were elected Fellows of the Society.

In consequence of the railway strike the attendance was very small ; there were no exhibits, and it was decided to postpone the reading of the paper which was to have taken place that evening.

Wednesday, October I'iiJi, 1919. — Comm. J. J. Walker, M.A., R.X., F.L.S., President, in the Chair.

Messrs. .Jaganath Laxman Khare, Lecturer in Entomology, Nagpur Agricidtural College, Nagpur, India; Charles Mellows, M.A., The College,

99 [Jiinuary,

Bi3ho,)'s Stortf()rd ; Arthur W. Jobbins Poineroy, Govt. Entoiuolo-fist in Nigeria, Ibadan, S. Nij^eria, and Kneeswortli Tloiise, 78 Eliu Park Roid, S. Kensington; Cupt. John G. St. A iibyn, c/o Sir Charles McGregor & Co., 39 Paulton Street, Ilaymarket, W. 1 ; and i^t.-Col. R. S. Wilson, Governor of Western Desert Province, Mersa Matrub, Egypt, were elected Fellows of the Society.

Mr. J. II. Diirrant exhibited specimens of AUonoinyma diana lib., a I'im'id new to tlie British Fuiina, which had previously been eironeuusly described both as a Pyralid and a I'ortrix. Mr. E. E. Green, a cluster of eggs of Eunomos aiduinnaria and drew attention to their superficial resemblance to the eggs of certain Ilemiptera; lie also showed an enlarged drawing of one of the eggs. Mr. Edelsten, specimens of DianthoRcia luteaijo and U. harri'ttii from various localities, and contributed notes on the species. Mr. Donisthorpe, S!)ejimens of Cocciuelia disfincta bred from the eggs (which, together with the living eggs and tlie female parent of one of tlie specimens, he had exhibited at the last meeting) and their pupal skins, and read some notes on them. lie also exhibited an abnormal specimen of tlie inuigo. Mr. F. W. Edwards, (1) Urellia au<jur Frauenfeld, an Egyptian Trypetid Hy with wing-nnirkings curiously resembling a small Hy or Hea, tlie resemblance is most probably purely accidental, but is at the same time quite striking ; [2) tliiee interesting new ih'itish lJi[)tera : (aj OrUioixidomi/in athionen-iis MacGregor, a mosquito recently discovered breeding in the wati-r in hollow beech trees in Epping Fttrest, (b) (Jclilerutatus curiiei Coquillett, a North American mosquito found by Ur. II. Scott on Wareham Heath, Dor•^et, (cj Vnjpteria limuoidnlvides Bergroih, a remarkable Tipulid described from Fiiiland in 1913, found in August 1919, by Capt. J. W.aerston^ at Honawe, Argyllshire. The Uev. F. U. Morice exhibited witli the epidiascope some life-size photographs of the larvae of various I'erya spp. clustering logetiier on Eticali/ptus leaves, which had been kindly sent to him by Mr. Hacker of the liri.sbaiie Museum in Queensland. lie also Called aiteiition to a recent remarkable discovery published by Messrs. H. E. Burke and S. A. Liohwer in Proc. Ent. Soc, Washington, vol. xix (1917), viz. that the previously unknown larva of Ori/ssus differs both in structure and liabits from those of either the »SVy7c7(Zf(6' or the Tctithrtdinidae, and is parasitic on certain wood-boring Coleopterous larvae i^Biqiretstidae and probably also Vcravibycldue).

The following- papers wt-re read : — " The Male Abdominal Segments and Aedoeagus of lluUrucerus capillariconiis," by F. Muir; " On the Mechanism of the Male Genital Tube in Coleoplera," by the same; "A New Family uf Lepidoptera, the Ant//e/id<ie,'' by A. Jefferis Turner, M.L». ; "A New Ilydr.'ptila,' by Martin E. iMosley; "Scent Organs in the genus Ilydroptila (Trichoptera )," by the same. The last paper was illustrated by many photo- graphs shown in the epidiascope; Dr. Eltringham congratulated the author on his important discoveries, and Mr. F. W. Edwards co npared the scent-organs found at the back of the neck in certain Diptera [Pi^ycliudidac).

Wcdneaday, November bth, 1919.— The President in the Chair.

Messrs. James Meikle Brown, B.Sc, F.L.S., F.C.S., 170 Carterknowle llo.id, Millhouses, ShelHeld ; Alfred Francis John Gedye, 4 Ruuwell Terrace,

urn] 23

Wt^stcliff-Dii-Sea. Es.^ex ; Artlinr Fi-;mt;is ITeniiniTitr, Oxford and Cainbrid'^'e C!iib, Pall Mall, S.W. 1, and Cambridge Lodge, llorley, Surrey; Williuins Iluah, J. P., Tresaition, Cloverdale, J^ritish C< liimbia, Canada; ]\hirdnch Campbell McLeod, The Fairfields, Cobham, Surrey, and McLeod it Co.., Calcutta, India; Dr. W. MansHeld-Aders, Zanzibar ; S. Gordon Smith, E>tyii, Boughton, Chester; and James Davis Ward, Liuiehurst, Grange-over-Sauds, Lancashire, were elected Fellows of the Society.

The following papers were read:— "A contribution to the Clas'-iHcation of the Coleopterous Family Eadumychiddp," by Gilbert J. Arrow, F. MS. ; " New Moths collected by Mons. A. Avinoff in W. Turkestan and Kat^hmir during his Journeys in 1999-1912,' by vSir George Hampson, Bart., communicated by J. Hartley Durrant, F.E.S. ; "On the Histology of tbe Scent-m-gans in the Genus Hydi uptila Dalm.," by H. Eltringhani, M.A., D.Sc, etc. ; "Contributions- to the Life History of Lucaena eiiphemus Hb.,"' by T. A. Chapman, ]\LD., F.IJ.S-, etc. ; " Notes ou Li/caenn a/con F., as reared in 1918 and 1919," by the same; "C>iCoon softening in some Agrotids,'^ by the same; ^' Fseudacraea eiirytus Imbleyi, its Furuis and its Models on the Islands of Lake Victoria, and the bearing ot the Facts on tlie E.xplanatiou of Mimicry by Natural Selection," by G. D. H. Carpenter, D.M., B.Cli. Dr. Eltringham, Dr; Chapman, and Dr. Carpenter gave illustrations of their papers by means of the epidiascope, and Dr. Chapman exhibited a nest of Myrniica laevinodis containing four living- larvae of L. eiip/tenms, and also one larva in spirit at the stage in which it enters the ants' nests. A very interesting photograph of the late II. W. Bates, which Mr. Donisthorpe was presenting to the Society, was al?o shown,

Mr. Donisthorpe exhibited specimens of Meyacoehim heckeri, a Capsid new to i5ritain, which he had firat captured at Weybridge, August 27th, 1918; it was always found over r\es,\s ai Fonidca »v</W, but he had so far been quite unable to trace t])e cause of the connection between the insects. Prof. Poulton. read (1) A note contained in a letter from the liev. K. S. Aubyn Rogers on Herse convolculi L. attacked by small birds in British East Africa; (2) Further notes by W. A. Lam born ou the habits of the ^y BenyuUa; (-3) The Hy BeJKjuha depressa Walk, attacking a wingless Termite ; Prof. Poulton gave an account of this observation, recorded by Dr. G. D. H. Carpenter in a letter from Mombasa dated May 13th, 1919. Dr. G. D. H. Carpenter exhibited a speci- men of Mantis pia Sew. from Uganda, and read a very interesting note on it* method of ridding itself of a Nematode with which it was infested. Dr. E. A. Cockayne, on behalf of Mr. Bobert Y. Horn of Glasgow, exhibited (1) a speci- men of Anaitis plagiata showing extreme melanism, the thorax, abdomen,, basal area and ceiitral fascia of fore wings being almost black, and the rest of the fore wings and the hind wings dark grey : (2) a specimen of Acronycta vunyunthidis with black marginal area to fore wings ; both were from Dum- bartonshire, 1919 ; two slightly less melanic Anaitis playiata have been takeu at the same place. Mr. H. M. Edelsten exhibited bred specimens of 6'c.sw fonnicaefonnis from the Lea Valley ; also an osier stem in which the larva had fed, and photographs to show the emergence hole of the iuuigo. Lt. E. J3. Ashby, a number of species of Hymenoptera, taken in 1919 in the Turin and Yicenza districts of Northern Italy and identitied by Prof. Zavaleii, Head of the Natural History Museum at Turin.

OA (January,

Wednesday, November \dth, 1919. — Tlie President in the Cliair,

Mr. William Falconer, Wilberlee, Slaithwaite, liiiddersfield ; Sir Norman Laiuont, 4 Queen Street, W., and Palmisle, Trinidad, 13. W.I. ; and Mr. Cyril Wintbrop Mackwofth-Praed, Ualtou Hill, Albur^', Surrey, were elected Fellows of the Society.

The following list of Fellows was read, as the nominees of the Council for the next session : — FreHdent, Comm. James J. Walker, M.A., R.N., F.L.S. ; Treasurer, W .G. Sheldon, F.Z.S. ; Secretaries, tlie Rev. George Wheeler, M.A., F.Z.S,, and S. A. Neave, M.A., D.Sc, F.Z.S. ; Librarian, G. C. Champion, A.L.S., F.Z.S.; Other Members of Onincil, H. E. Andrewes; G. T. Bethune-Baker, F.L.S., F.Z.S. ; K. G. Blair, B.Sc. ; Surgeon-Oomm. M. Cameron, M.B., R.N. ; J. Hartley Durrant ; H. Eltringham, M.A., D.Sc. ;

A. D. Imms, M.A., D.Sc, F.L.S. ; G. A. K. Marshall, D.Sc, F.Z.S.; the Rev. F. D. Morice, M.A., F.Z.S.; II. E. Page; the Rt. Honble. Lord Rothschild, M.A., F.R.S., etc. ; Capt. the Rev. J. B. Waterston, B.D., B.Sc

Amongst the donations to the Library was a MS. Entomological Diary of the well-known entomologist .1. Curtis, which after his deatli had passed to the late J. O. Westwood, by whose representatives it had been given to the Radclifle Librarian, Dr. W. Hatchett Jackson, who now presented it to the Society, being anxious that during his lifetime it should find a suitable and permanent resting-place.

Mr. Donisthorpe exhibited a very small specimen of Hylutrupes bajulus L. only 8'o mm. long, taken by Mr. R. S. Mitford, C.B., F.E.S. ; and a very large one, 24 mm. long, taken by himself (both from near Weybridge) ; also Eupteryx melinae Curt., a frog-hopper breeding on garden-sage in his garden at Putney ; and a species of Aleurodes, from honeysuckle in a cold conservatory, also at Putney. Mr. Durrant, a specimen of Aiiry/is tineana lib., an addition to the British List ^Lep.-Tin.), taken casually in the daytime by Mr. E. G. Whittle at Camghouran (Perthshire), 3.vi.l919. Mr. H. E. Andrewes, some tropical Carabidae to show the development of spines at the apex of the elytra. Lt. E.

B. Ashby, the following butterflies taken recently in North Italy : Thais poly- xe7ia ab. meta, Euranessa antiopa, Chrysophanus dispar var. rutilas, Satyrus stutilinus, and Enodia dryas. Mr. J. J. Lister, a collection of P. aeyon var. masseyi Tutt, made in N. Lancashire and Westmorland in July 1918 and 1919, with series of the heath form from the New Forest, of var. cretacea from the North Downs, and of the forms from Delamere Forest, Cheshire and Great Orme's Head, Carnarvonshire, for comparison ; and read notes on these forms. Mr. W. Kaye, series from various localities of the Sphingid Eumorp/m elpenor to illustrate the probable effect of heat in enlarging or even producing the small white discoidal spot. Prof. Poulton said that on September 20th last, at Oxford, he saw a large wasp with a large Syrphid fly, Cataboniba 2)yrastri L., carried in the mandibles ; the wasp was a queen, almost certainly of Vespa yermanica F. or mlyaris L., probably the former, which is the com- moner at Oxford. He also drew tlie attention of the Fellows to observations made on Vespa orientalis L. in Palestine by Mr. C. 11. Ilamm, late R.A.F. — Geo. Wheeler, Hon. Secretary.

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C O N T E N 'V S.

PAGE

Studies in Eliynchophora. YIII. — On Plialidura. Aniycteridae. — D. Sharp,

M.A.,FM.S I

Aliax (Pterostichii^:) parallelus Diifts., a V)eetle now to Britain.— A'. G. Bhiii\

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Coleoptera in the Oxford district during Uil9. -.7. J. WtiV,:rr. M.A.. E.X.. F.L.S. 14

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-of .

1920.] / . ^ \>^

LORD WALSINGH4M. ^■^'^■21 1920

V

1843 — 1919. \^^A

(Editor Eut. Mo. Mag. 1893-1912.)

Lord Walsingham died on December 3rd. He had contracted a chill before going to Cambridge to the installation of Mr. Balfour as Chancellor of the University ; further exposure resulted in pleurisy, and he passed away in a nursing home at Hampstead — heart-failui'e being the actual cause of death. He was buried at Merton, December 7th.

Thomas de Grey, sixth Baron Walsingham, of Walsingham, Norfolk, was the eldest son of Thomas, fifth Lord Walsingham, and the only child by his first wife, Augusta Selina, eldest daughter and co-heiress of Sir Robert Frankland- Russell, Bart. He was born at Stanhope Street, Mayfair, July 29th, 1843, and baptised in the little parish church of St. Peter, in Merton Park, on the south side of the churchyard of which, facing the ancient Mere of Merton and the Hall of his fathers, surrounded by the old woods of Merton in which he had so often used his net or gun he now lies at rest.

Lord Walsingham succeeded to the title and estates on the death of his father December 31st, 1870. He was married three times : first, .in 1877, to Augusta Selina Elizabeth ("Leila") Duchesse de Santo Teodoro (only daughter of Captain William Locke, of Norbury, and widow of Ernest Lord Burghersh) ; secondly, in 1909, to Marion Gwytherne- Williams (daughter of the late Thomas Rhys Withers) ; thirdl}^ in 1914, to Agnes Baird (daughter of the late Frederick Shand Hemming, and widow of Richard Dawson). He is succeeded by his half-brother, the Hon. John Augustus de Grey.

At the age of 9 (1852) Lord Walsingham was sent to a private school, kept by the Rev. Goldney, at Southborough, near Tunln-idge Wells, where he remained four years ; thence to Eton, residing in Mr. Birch's House, 1856-GO (with his tutor, the Rev. Augustus Frederick Birch, he main- tained a life-long friendship). At Eton he was Captain of the Cricket Eleven and also played in the Football Eleven. At the conclusion of his school-days Lord Walsingham went to Cambridge, in 18G0 (Trinit}^ College, Hat Fellow-Commoner; B.A. 1865 ; M.A. 1870 ; LL.D. 1891). He played in the University Cricket Eleven, also in Gentlemen v. Players, and was a member of the M.C.C. and I Zingari ; always retaining a great interest in cricket he encouraged the village clubs on his estate and often practised or played with them. As a career the Army was chosen, but imputiunce at the delay ni obtaining a- comniisslou in the

D

nc [February,

Life Guards caused liim to turn to politics, and he was elected M.P. for West Norfolk (Conservative) in I860, retaining his seat until he suc- ceeded to the title in 1870. He was a Lord-in-Waiting to Queen Victoria 1874-5.

There is an inherited tendency to the Law in the de Grey family, and Lord Walsingham ought really to have chosen Law rather than Parliament — as Chairman of Quarter Sessions, etc., he was in his natui-al element. He was elected High Steward of the University of Cambridge n 1891 (when the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him) and of the Borough of King's Lynn in 1894. By the death of Lord Walsingham the British Museum loses its oldest Trustee; he was appointed in 1876, serving on the Standing Committee for many years, and always taking the greatest interest in everything connected with the welfare of the Museum and the Collections, to which his own entomological library and collections were transferred in 1910; he was also a Trustee of the Hunterian Museum (Royal College of Surgeons), and of the Lawes Agricultuml Tinist.

During a busy life he never neglected his love for Zoology — through his schooldays and throughout his life he was a collector and close observer of the Lepidoptera and other orders. He must have collected more than 50,000 specimens of "Microlepidoptera" in England, France, Monte Carlo, Italy, Spain, Sicily, Corfu, Germany, Austria, Algeria, Morocco, the Canaries, California and Oregon, Jamaica, etc., breeding thousands of specimens, the life-history of many of which he discovered, and describing numerous new species. As an ontomologist Lord Walsingham commenced by collecting Lepidoptera in the usual way, but gradually devoted himself to their life-histories, and his British Collection developed into series accompanied by preserved larvae mounted in natural positions on the best copies of the actual plants procurable — [to Lord Walsingham I believe we owe the adop- tion of the ether-bellows for inflation]. The Collection of British Lepidoptera Avith their larvae is well-known to all ; it was presented to the Museum many years ago and is exhibited in the Insect Gallery.

Lord Walsingham's attention was first directed to the so-called " micros " at one of Stevens's sales. He was so struck by a drawer of Adelidae that he purchased them, and thenceforth devoted his life to amassing the enormous collection of " Microlepidoptera " now at South Kensington, purchasing at various dates the " micros " in the Zeller, Hofmann, Christoph, and other collections.

1SI20.] . 27

Lord Walslngham was the author of many papei*s, monofijraplis, and faunistic works, mostly published in this country. His first and last papers were published in this Magazine, of which he was one of the Editors for nineteen yeai-s (1893-1912) : the fii-st (when he was the Hon. Thomas de Grey), entitled, '* Early appearance of Argyrolepia duhri- saiia " [Ent. Mo. Mag. 4. 37 (VII. 1867)], the last, " New French Micro- lepidoptera " [Ent. Mo. Mag. 56. 9-10 (1. 1920)]. It is therefore fitting that in this Magazine should appear his earliest entomological contribu- tion extant. It is written on the inside of an envelope, dated September 28th, ISol, addressed b}' his step-mother to his father, and is as follows : —

''''/ have just found out that the catipillars hind feete are different to itsfrount ones."

Lord VValsingham was eight years and two months old when this was written and must have been closely observant at a very early age — the note is also interesting as showdng that he had become an entomologist before going to school.

Commencing as a British Lepidopterist, he was undoubtedly in- fluenced in his early studies in the Tineina by Stainton, who induced him to extend those studies beyond the British fauna. When preparing his North American Tortricidae (published 1879) Lord Walsingham had much correspondence with Professor C. H. Fernald, and being dissatified with the Wilkinsonian s^^stem was easil}^ persuaded by Fernald to adopt that of Heinemann — and described many genera founded on secondary sexual characters. He was liberal-minded enough in his 65th year, in association with Mr. August Busck and the writer, to repudiate all such genera, and they were freely sacrificed in the " Biologia " ! Lord Walsingham readily accepted the more exact methods of study and classification which we owe to Mr. E. Meyrick, with a natural reservation as to matters of detail, such as sequence and nomenclature. During the last year of his life he worked much in the Museum, and on his death-bed he was taking the greatest interest in entomological questions and the collections. It was with the deepest sorrow that the writer bade him farewell, and realised that an association of thirty-five years was ended ! Lord Walsingham joined the Entomological Societ}-^ in 1866 and was President 1889-90 and Vice-President 1882, 1888, 1891-2, 1894-5 ; and, among other Societies, Zool. Soc. Lond. 1867 ; Koyal Agr. Soc. 1871 ; Am. Ent. Soc. 1872 ; Br. Ornith. Union 1881 ; Linn. Soc. 1882 ; Ent. Soc. France 1882 ; Ent. Ver. Berlin 1890 ; Nederl. Ent. Ver. 1892 ; Ent. Soc. de Russie 1892 ; Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 1892 ; Royal Society 1887, etc.

d2

23 [Pebniarj-,

As an Agriculturist his gi'eatest interest was taken in improve- ments of system: Lord Walsingliam was President of the Ensilage Commission, and of the Smithfield Club, 1877 (V-P. 1874, etc.)— the Merton flock of Southdowns was famous throughout the world.

As a sportsman he contributed the articles on the Pheasant, Partridge, and Grouse to the Badminton Library ; and was one of the most famous shots. On his Blubberhouses Moor, Yorkshire, Lord Walsingham killed with his own gun 842 grouse — this was on August 28th, 1872, but the Kecord Bag of G-rouse was made on the same moor, August 30th, 1888, when 1070 grouse fell to his gun in 14 hours 18 minutes.

A man truly kind by nature, generous and sympathetic, he was ever ready to assist those in need in the most kindly way. All who knew him loved him, and would agree that he was entitled to re-echo the words :

" I know what pleasure is, for I have done good work."

Dent.

[The photograph of Lord Walsingham, taken at the age of 70, was issued by mistake in the January number. It should face this memoir. — l!^DS.].

NOTES ON THE AUSTRALIAN COLEOPTEEOUS GENERA

PALAESTRA Cast., TMESIDERA Westw., AND PALAESTRIDA White

(FAM. MELOIDAE).

BY K. O. ULAIR, B.Sc., F.E.S.

(Published by perniissiou of the Trustees of the British Museum.)

When endeavouring i-ecently to identify some Meloid beetles col- lected by Mr. G. E. Bryant in Australia I soon found that there was considerable confusion as regards the above genera, which are closely related to the Australian representatives of Zonitis. The species are all of the same colour-pattern, viz. black with red elytra, and not only were the identifications in the British Museum Collection unsatisfactory, but the recent Catalogue of the famih' (Borchmann in "Junk's Coleopterorum Catalogus," pars 69, 1917) also indicates that the genera are vei-y imper- fectly known,

Palaestra Castelnau (1840) Avas based upon a single Australian species, P. ruhripennis ; it was placed in the Oedemeridae near Calopus. Tiupsidera We>;t\vood (1811), fam. Jr('Io/(J(U% included one

K20.] 29

species, T. rtijipennis; to this in 1842 Hope added three othei's, viz. assimilis, rubricollis, and violacea. Palaestrida White (1846), allied to the above, included one species, P. hicolor. Subsequently, four others, eitcera, platycera, quadrifoveata, and rufocincta, were added by Fairmaire to Palaestra, and three, concolor, JlabelUcorms, and nigri- pennis, hj Macleay to Palaestrida.

Fortunately, the description o£ Palaestra inibripennis Cast, is such that the species can be recognized with tolerable certainty.

By the kindness of Professor Poulton I have been able to examine the tA'pes of Westwood's and Hope's species of Tmesidera with some very interesting results. In his description of T. rufipennis Westwood refers to two specimens, one in his own collection, the other in that of Hope. Both these specimens are now in the Hope Department at Oxford, and prove to belong to different though allied species. The individual from Westwood's own collection is that from which the description and figure are taken, and must be regarded as the type ; that from Hope's collection is Palaestra ruhripennis Cast. ; the latter bears the locality label " Tasm''." The two species are certainly con- generic, so that, as suggested by Blackburn (Proc. Roy. Soc. S. Austr. xxiii, 1899, p. 60), the name Tmesidera Westw. becomes a synonym of Palaestra Cast.

The three species added by Hope do not belong to T?iiesidera. T. assimilis is identical with Palaestrida hicolor White, the type of Avhich, from the N. or N.W. coast of Australia, is in the British Museum. The species therefoi-e becomes Palaestrida assimilis Hope.

T. violacea Hope belongs to Zoiiitis and is identical with Z. rugosi- pennis Fairm. It is rather a dark form with the pro thorax completely black above, though obscurely red on the sides. The colour of the thorax in this species varies from being entireh' red to entirely black ; the type of rugosipennis is described as having a red thorax with a median black stripe. Z. aspericeps Blackb. (t^^pe in the British Musevmi) is probably only a variety of the same in which the legs and underside are also black. Of T. rubricollis Hope no specimen beai'ing this name in Hoi^e's handwriting is to be found at Oxford, though an old example of Zonitis rugata Fairm., in the Hope Collection without a label, is probably the missing type. In the British Museum T. rubricollis Hope is also identified with this species.

Of the species added by Fairmaire to Palaestra, P. platycera (specimen from Champion Bay, W. Australia, identified \>\ Fairmaire)

«JA, [February,

is identical with Pal a est rid a hicolor "White, the description of which was probably unknown to him. This species seems to have a wide range in Australia and to exhibit considerable variation, not only in size but in the shape and sculpture of the thorax and in the colour of the elvtra ; e.g. of two specimens from Queensland one is practically identical with the types of assimilis Hope and hicolor White, the other is very much larger, length IS mm., with a transverse thorax, of which the sides are more strongly sinuate in front and the discal impressions much stronger. This I take to be P. eucera Fairm. Were it alone this insect might well be considered a distinct species, but a similar pair comes from Swan lliverwith numerous intermediate forms. One specimen is labelled "Victoria," another " Gawler, S.A." In a few cases the dorsal area of the elytra is more or less clouded with black. P. quadrifoi'eata and P. ru^ocincta I have not been able to determine with certainty, but Blackburn was probably right (loc. cif.) in identifying P. quadrifoveata with rufipennis Westw., though his assumption that both were identical with ruhripennis Cast. Avas incorrect. P. rufocincta, from description, would appear to be only a colour variety of the same species. Such a variety of Palaestrida assimilis, though to a less marked degree, is noted above, and analogous variation in the very similar Oedemei'id genus Psei(doli/cics is highly developed.

The three species assigned Avith some doubt by Macleay to Palae- strida cannot, from the descriptions, belong to this genus ; they should probably be placed in M.orpholycas Lea (fam. Oedemeridae). P.fiahelli- cornis Macl. appears to be identical with M. serraticornis Lea.

Certain species of Zonitis of similar coloration (Z. opacorufa Fairm.) are apt to be confused with Palaestra and Palaestrida, but may be distinguished by their slender antennae, the joints of which are cylindrical instead of compressed and expanded.

Palaestra and Palaestrida though closel}' allied may be separated by the elytral sculpture. In Palaestra the elytra are glabrous, with the suture and four sharply-defined, round, raised costae on each, the intervals between the costae being rather coarsely rugulose punctate or granulate. In Palaestrida they are closely and finely punctate and pubescent, each with four raised costae, but these mei'ge more gradually into the intervals. In Palaestra the sides of the thorax are usually angulate in the middle and roundly emarginate in the anterior half, but this is only an exag- gerated degree of the form found in Palaestrida (and frequently, too, in Zonitis^, viz. strongh' narrowed in the anterior half, the sides sinuate before the middle.

1920. J 3J

Of Palaestra I can recognize three species as follows : —

1. Head triangular, widest behind eyes, vertex deeply cleft ; thorax with wide

median furrow throughout, sides strongly excised in anterior half, an- terior discal impressions very large, following lateral emarginations.

2.

Head more elongate, widest across eyes, vertex feebly impressed ; thorax strongly narrowed in front, the sides sinuate, feebly emarginate, median furrow distinct only in basal half, anterior pair of discal impressions deep and round, similar to posterior pair; intervals between elytral costae densely, rather coarsely punctate .foveicollis, sp. n.

2. Thorax subopaque, rather densely punctate ; intervals between elytral costae

granulate rubripennis Cast.

Thorax nitid, very sparsely punctate; intervals between elytral costae punctate-rugulose, forming a partial intermediate costa in second interval rufipennia Westw.

P.foveicolliSf sp. n.

Elongate, black, subuitid, elytra red. Head elongate-triangular, not widened behind eyes, densely rugose punctate, vertex feebly impressed, Clypeus almost impunctate in front ; labrum rather transverse, with median impression, lightly emarginate at apex. Antennae more than half as long as body, the joints compressed and expanded, 3rd to 6th about half as long again as their width at apex, 7th to 11th successively narrower. Thorax widest in middle, its width at apex about half tliat in middle, the sides feebly sinuate, scarcely excised, in apical half ; disc with a strong median furrow in basal half, and two pairs of deep round foveae, the posterior pair separated by the median furrow, surface plainly but not closely punctate. Scutellum rounded at apex, densely and finely punctate and pubescent. Elytra about three times as long as together broad, subparallel, separately rounded at apex, glabrous, each with the suture and four sharply defined costae smooth, rounded, the intervals between them densely, rather coarsely punctate, the 3rd and 4th costae are confluent near the shoulder, the latter gradually approaching the external margin. Length 13-15 mm.

Hah. N. Sydney and Blue Mts. {G. E. Bryant), Cumberland, N.S.W. {Mus. Brit.).

The form of the thoi-ax characteristic of Palaestra, with the sides roundly excised before the middle, is but feebly developed in this species, indicating an approach to Palaestricla. The sculpture of the elytra is, however, Tery different from that of the latter genus, and essentially of the Palaestra type. I am unable to identify P. foveicollis with any of the species described ; P. quadrifoveata Fairm., to which it seems, ex descr., to approach in the form of the thorax, has, inter alia, the last joint of the maxillary palpi testaceous, the antennal joints prismatic, scarcely dilated, and the scutellum smooth, impressed.

oo [February,

0£ Pctlaestrhla I can recognize but one species, P. nssimilis Hope {hicolor White, plaft/cera Fairm., eucera Fairm.).

Summary of Conclusions.

Palaestka Cast. (Tmesidera Westw.). Zonitis.

1. P. rubripennis Cast. 1. Z. violacea Hope (Tmesidera).

2. P. rufipennis Westw. (Tmesidera). rugosipennis Fairm.

? quadriforeata Fairm. var. aspericeps Blackb.

F var. rnfociiicta Fairm. 2. Z. rubricollis Hope (Tmesidera).

3. P. foveicollis sp. n. rugata Fairm.

Palaestrida White. ? Morpholtcus Lea (Oedemeridae).

1. P. assimilis Koi->e (Tmesidera). 1. M. concolor Ma,cl. (Palaestrida).

bicolor White. 2. M. flabellicornis Macl. (P(daestrida)

platycera Fairm. (Palaestra). ? serraticornis Lea.

eucera Fairm. (Palaestra). 3. M. nigripennis Macl. (Palaestrida).

Koiember 28ih, 1919.

NOTES ON BRITISH PSAMMOCHARIDAE (POMPILIDAE). BY E. C. L. PERKIKS, M.A., U.SC, F.Z.S.

The Psanunoclaridae, until recenth' known as PompiliJae, is one of the most difficult families of the Aculeate Hymenoptera and contains vast numbers of species, the group being distrilnited over almost all parts of the world. The few British species have been treated very different!}^ bv various writers. Smith recognized in them only three genera, Aporus, Poinpihts, and G-ropales ; Saunders in his " Synopsis " .six, but in his later work he followed Kohl in separating Pseudagenia from Agenia and Galicnrgus from Salius and in sinking Aportis and Evagetes under Pompihis. Ashmead m his classification of the world's genera, as then known, divided the family into no fewer than six subfamilies, recognizing as valid nearly all the previously described genera and erecting many new ones. It is not possible to place even our few species in their j)roper genera, or even sometimes in his subfamilies, b}^ the use of Ashmead's tables, because, in the first place, not only genera but even groups of genera are separated therein on minute characters of neuration, which are so variable that they are not even of specific value, such varia- tions being frequent in different examples of a single species ; and, secondly, becavise other characters that he uses are sometimes incorrect or imaginary. It is pi'obable, however, that, as is the case in other groups of Hymenoptera with which he has dealt, a considerable propor- tion of this author's genera will be found valid, although the characters are insufficientlv or iucorrectlv described.

1920.] 33

Some years ago wlien studying large numbers of exotic species I had occasion to examine critically the British species, as being typical European forms, and I have put together these notes as likely to be of some help to those who restrict their study to our own fauna. So far as possible they are meant to supplement the excellent descriptions of Edward Saunders.

Apokus Spin.

This appears to me to be a very distinct genus, as Avas held l)y Smith, and by Saunders until he followed Kohl. In some good and well-named collections I have found the entirely black variety of Evagetes S figuring as Aporiis, but in the latter the 6 has the 3rd antennal joint extraordinarily short, not longer than its greatest apical width. The second recurrent nervure is normally either inter- stitial with the outer transverse cubitus or is received just beyond the 2nd cubital cell. In Evagetes normall}' it is received a little way within this cell. The 6th ventral segment is very deeply excised, the excision deeper than wide, with a microscopic spine on each side at the apex and another pair on the sides of the excision near its middle. (In Evagetes the emargination of the 6th ventral segment is wide and subti'ianguhir, and much less deep, with a pair of microscopic spines placed one on each side of the base of the emargination.) The apical ventral segment ii^ narrow, much compressed so as to be cariniform, the sides rounded at the base and then subconvergent towards the apex. The 2 Aporus, apart from its other characters, is quite remarkable for the short front tarsi, unlike those of any other of our Psammocharidae, the second joint being as wide at the apex as its median length, and there is no tarsal comb or pecten, but only extremely short spines. Why Ashmead characterizes it as having a tarsal comb and a propodeum " more or less distinctly produced Into conical teeth or spines " I cannot understand.

Evagetes Lep.

In spite of its (normally) different neuration E. hicolor is really very closely allied to P. pectinipes, but to no other of our species of Psammochares. The S , however, lacks the small elongate sharp carinae on each side of the base of the median carination of the apical ventral segment, though, if this be extracted, a minute structure more in the nature of a spine will be found at the extreme base in Evagetes. In the latter, too, the third antennal joint is unusually short (though less so than In Aporus), being not much longer than the second, while in P. pecfinijjes it is evidently longer proportionately. Females of P. pectinipes which are aberrant in having only two cubital cells, as

34 [February,

occasionally happens, are excessivel}' like Evagetes, but easily dis- tinguished by the greater length of the second cubital cell, which is about twice as long as its greatest height — in Evagetes much less than twice- — and by the very strongly curved outer ti-ansverse cubitus — in Evagetes nearly straight, but oblique.]

PSAMMOCHARES Latr.

P. pectin /j)es, as may be inferred from the remarks above, is practically an Evagetes with (normally) three cubital cells and has thick antennae in both sexes unlike any of our other red-bodied species, the third joint in the $ being only subequal in length to the scape.

The two red-bodied species viaticus and chalyheatus and the three black species approximattis, nigerrimus, and cardui are thrown together by the structure of the claws in the 6 , these being cleft, the lower tooth shorter and in some aspects often blunt or truncate. The females of all these have a comparatively densely-haired 6th dorsal segment, the hairs bristl}', denser than and unlike thohiC on the 6th ventral.

The two red-bodied species have a perfectly developed pecten to the front tarsi, the second joint having an elongate .spine on the outer edge towards the middle, as well as the one at the ajjical angle.

The black species have no proper pecten, and there is no elongate spine on the outer side of the second tarsal joint.

P. nigerrimus is, according to Ashmead, the type of the genus Anoplius Lep., and no doubt sooner or later the generic distinction of these black-bodied species will be recognized.

P. rujipes is isolated ; the S has cleft claws like the preceding, but otherwise it differs greatly both in superficial appearance, in its peculiar vestiture, and other respects. The females lack the dense hairiness of the 6th ventral segment and the pecten is more developed than in any other of our species, the long spines of the 2nd and 3rd tarsal joints being longer than the elongate joints themselves.

Ashmead cites ruftpes as being the type of Episiiron Schiodte, and this genus (with probably many foreign allied species) will no doubt be accepted as distinct fi'om Anoplius, etc. The characters given by this author are some of them incorrect and some of no value.

All the rest of our British Psammochares have only a small tooth on the 6 claws beneath, the tooth being often difficult to see.

P. spissus and minutulus are red-bodied and allied, the $ $ with only short spines on the front tarsi and no proper pecten.

P. qihhiis, nnqnicularis, wesmncli, aiul consobrinns arc also red- bodied, the 2 2 with a complete pecten. In this and the preceding section the 6th dorsal segment beai*s only a few long fine hairs, like those on the ventral surface.

The three remaining black-bodied species are very different from one another, but with the exception of serlceiia, which he made the type of a new genus Aporoideus, I cannot place them in Ashmead's classifi- cation. The male of this has very peculiar abdominal characters., the 2 has a somewhat weak pecten, but it is complete, the second tarsal joint having an elongate spine on the outer side.

P. jjliimheus is remarkable for the density of the adpressed clothing in the c? and the pecten of the 5 is very long and perfect. Even in so distant and different a locality as tropical Australia, I met with a species closely allied to this. P. clnctellns neither superficially nor in sti'ucture has any similarity to any of our other species. The jiecten of the $ is imperfect, the second tarsal joint having no long spine on its outer margin towards the middle. Uomonotus {H. sanguinolentiis) is a distinct genus, equal in value to Aporus.

A.S the females of several species were not included in the tables in Saunders's latest book, the one following may be of use, showing the I'elationship of the species. On our present knowledge the $ $ of gihhus, loesmaeli, and tcuf/uictilaris cannot be separated by definite characters, nor, I think, with certainty on any characters.

1 (14) Abdomen with the bnsal segments red.

2 (3) Third antennal joint subequal to the scape in length, 3 times as long

as its greatest width or less. (Proiiotum either arcuately or very obtusely * iingulately emargiiiate ; 6th dorsal segment with at most a very few fine hairs.) pectinipe.«.

3 (2) Third auteiiual joint conspicuously longer than the scape and usually

much more than three times as long as wide.

4 (7) Sixth dorsal segment with many bristly liairs, denser and stouter than

those im the 6th ventral.

5 (G) lied abdominal segments witliout conspicuous dark apical bands

propodeum merely tonientose, not pilose chulybeatus.

0 (H) Red segments with conspicuous dark bands ; propodeum pilose.

viaticus.

7 (4) Sixth dorsal segment with only a few fine long hairs, resembling

those on the 6tli ventral.

8 (11) Pecten of front tarsi well developed and complete, the second joint

with an elongate spine towards the middle of its outer margin, as well as at the apical angle.

* In some examples the anf;ulation is as i^ronounced as in chali/beaius.

36

[February,

9 (10) Front of head above the antennae viewed from the side with many long hairs (not merely with a few remote ones) ; propodeum quite conspicuously pilose cousobrhms.

10 (9) Front of head with a few remote long hairs ; propodeum bare or with

a few hairs laterally «... .(/ibbus, unf/uicularis, and tveamaeli.

11 (8) I'ecten undeveloped, the front tarsi with only short spines, and the

outer margin of the 2nd joint without a long spine about the middle.

12 (13) Upper side of the quadrangular 3rd cubital cell about as long as that

of the second, or often longer spissiis.

13 (12) Third cubital cell often triangular or subtriangular, or if distinctly

quadrangular its upper side is much shorter than that of the second.

minutulus,

14 (1) Abdomen wholly black or black with white spots.

15 {22) Pecten of front tarsi either undeveloped, the spines being short, or

else imperfect, the 2nd joint never with an elongate spine about the middle of its outer margin, but at most with one on the apical angle

16 (21) Legs black, apical dorsal segment with man}' bristly black hairs.

17 (18) rronotum with its emargination arcuate or strongly rounded in the

middle, not distinctly angulate; tomentum of 2nd and 3rd ab- dominal segments not forming a gre}' basal band. (Spines on the legs less developed than in either of the following.)

cardiii.

18 (17) Pronotal emargination angulate; in fresh specimens there is a distinct

grey basal band on the 2ud and 3rd abdominal segments.

19 (20) Fourth joint of hind tarsi nearly as long as the fifth (excluding the

pul villus and claws) or at least from | to f as long, .niycrrimus.

20 (19) Fuurtli joint of liiud tarsi short, not nearly § the length of the fifth.

approximatus.

21 (16) Legs red, apical dorsal segment much less hairy. (Face and pro-

notuni with white markings.) cinctellus.

22 (15) Pecten of front tarsi perfect, a long spine on the outer margin of the

second joint, as well as one at the apical angle.

23 (26) Propodeum and basal abdominal segment not conspicuously hairy, but

merely tomentose. 21 (25) Front wings subinfuscate on the apical portion, the infuscation in- cluding the marginal, 2nd cubital, and outer discoidal cells. (Pecten rather feeble.) sericens.

25 (24) Front wings with narrow dark apical band, not occupying the whole

space up to the 3rd transverse cubitus and outer discoidal cell. (Pecten very long.) plumbetis.

26 (23 Propodeum and basal abdominal segment with conspicuous long hairs.

(Pecten very long.) ru/ipes.

The three black males of the nigerrimus group ma}' be easily distinguished, as follows : —

1 (2) Apical ventral segment of the abdomen broad, widely rounded at the

apex, nearly flat, and with a feeble median carina . . carihii.

2 (1) Apical ventral segment narrow, being very strongly compressed from

the sides into a strou.'' median carina.

1920.] 37

3 (4) Fourth joint of hind tarsi long-, only a little .shorter than the claw-joint

(excluding the pulvillus and claws) nigerrimus.

4 (3) Fourth joint of hind tarsi short, only about half as long as the claw-

joint approximatus.

The characters of the ventral segments of the males of the other species have been described by Saunders and all are easily determined. I have never come across any doubtful specimens.

In separating males of the Psammochares group (i. e. Pompiliis sensu lato of Saunders' book) from the Salius group — this including all his other genera, excepting the very different Ceropales — the sculpture of the head, as described in that book, appears to be a sufficiently good character so far as our British species are concerned. It is, however, useful to note the shape of the 3rd discoidal cell in Psammochai-es and its allies, the lower side of this being always strongly curved downwards at its basal extremity, so that the lower basal angle always forms a deep or distinct angular pocket. This pocket is more or less distinct in some species of the Salius group of genera, either regularly or as an abeiTa- tion ; but if a distinct pocket is wanting, one can at a glance say that the insect under examination is not a " Pompilus " (s. latiss.). On the other hand, the females of the two divisions can never be confused, as in Salius and allied genera the 2nd ventral segment is always distinctly divided into two parts by a transverse groove, whether the hind tibiae be simple, as in Agenia and Pseuclagenia, or serrated, as in Caliciirgus and Salius.

Our few species of Salius (or Priocnemis) are less difficult than those of Psammochares, and on the whole more naturally placed in a single genus. S. affinis, however, is very different from any other, and it will certainly be removed from Salius at some future time. It differs from the rest in the blunt apex of the marginal cell, the radial nervure meeting the costal margin of the wing almost at right angles, instead of forming an acute angle with it.

I have not been able to examine a specimen of the rare S. pro- pinquus. S. exaltatus and S. notatulus are easily confused in the- female sex, but can be separated at a glance on examining the tarsal claws, when the difference between them in this respect has once been observed. In the latter the lower tooth is comparatively more develoi>ed so that the two apjiear more nearly of a size and the emargination or curved outline between them is much deeper than in the former. Mr. C. H. Mortimer has previously pointed out that the fourth joint of the front tarsi is shorter in notatulus, but the character of a glabrous prosternum and nearl}- glabrous front coxae observed by him is not exliibited by the rather numerous examples of the $ that I have

38 [February,

examined. In all tliese the parts mentioned bear long hairs much like those of exaltatus, though perhaps they are generally less numerous. The characters given by Smith and Saunders are too variable to be of much value. It is useful to notice (especially as the view of the pro- notal angulation is sometimes interfered with by the pin) that in exaltatus the transverse piece between the postscutcllum and the

^7"

propodeum forms a fairly broad strip even at the middle, whereas in jyiisillus and its allies it is extremely narrow there and, as it were, almost obliterated by the deep depression or fovea at that point. As is the case with Psammochares, the males of Salius never present any difficulty. The upper figures are made from the hind claws of an unusually large and an extremely small specimen of S. notatulus, the lower from an exaltatus of average size.

Beaumout Lodge, AVoodland I'ark, Paigntou. November \st, 1919.

ON THE GENUS ATHEROIDES Haliday { APHID AE). BY F. LAING, M.A., B.Sc, F.E.S.

(Published with the permission of the Trustees of the British Museum.) The following descriptions are drawn up from a study of the material in the British Museum. This material was mounted on cards, and is in fairly good condition ; most of it has now been transferred to slides. As far as one can now learn it was the material to which Walker refers in his Cat. Homoptera in the Brit. Mus. iv, pt. 1. The figures are drawn up b}'' Terzi, and in each case the right antenna has

been drawn.

Atheeoides Haliday.

In Curtis's " Guide to the Study of Insects," 2nd edition, 1837, we find the genus At Ji oroides Haliday cited, together with two species, serrulatus Halid. and hirtcUus Halid. The genus was not defined,

1920.] . 39

however, until 1839, wlien Haliday gave a short Latin tliugnosis (Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist, ii, p. 189) of the genus and the species. In 1848, Walker redescribed both serrulatus and hirtellus under the comprehen- sive genus Apliis. In 1860, Passerini (Gli Afidi, p. 28) founded the genus Sipha with Aphis glyceriae Kalt. as the type. Walker seems to have considered Atheroides and Sipha to be closely allied, for in the "Zoologist," xxviii, 1870, p. 2000, we find him remarking of Aphis glyceriae Kalt., " type of the genus Sipha, hitherto included in the genus Atheroides Haliday." Since that date nothing further has been written concerning Haliday's genus, though there is in the Buckton collection one slide labelled in Buckton's handwriting " Atheroides serrulatus.''^ The species is correctly determined, but Buckton never published any description of the insect.

The genera Atheroides and Sipha bear considerable superficial resemblance. In both tlie antennae are very similar, both have 3 seg- ments to the rostrum, both have the 3 thoracic segments, and the 1st abdominal segment distinct; but in Sipha the cornicles are dis- tinctly tuberculiform, while in Atheroides t\\ey are mere pores, flush with the dorsum. In Sipha the cauda is distinct, and knobbed, a cha- racter which brings it into the Chaetophorini, whereas Atheroides has no Cauda and is quite evidently allied to the Lachnini both by tlie position and shape of the genital and anal plates. The fore wing of the alate female of Sipha has the cubitus twice forked, but as far as can be made out in the single alate 2 of Atheroides hirtellus before me, the cubitus would appear to be hut once forked. The wing is, however, in rather poor condition. The hind wing in both has 2 oblique veins.

The genus Atheroides Halida}'^ ma}^ be defined as follows : —

Apterous $ linear, flattish, spiny ; antennae 5-segmented, very short, reaching to the prothorax ; segments I, II, IV very short, subequal, III and V longer, V with spur equal to or a very little longer than its base. Proboscis 3-segmented, reaching to the 2nd pair of coxae. Thoracic and Umt ahdoniinal segments distinct, apical segment distinct ; marginal scutes overlapping ventral surface. Cauda absent.

Type of genus, Atheroides serrulatus Halid.

A. serrulatus Halid.

Atheroides serrulatus Haliday, Ann. &, Mag. Nat. Hist, ii, 1839, p. 189.

Aphis serrulatus (Halid.) Walker, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) ii, 1848, p. 47.

Sipha paradoxa Theobald, Entomologist, xli, Feb. 1918, p. 20.

40

[Febraary,

Apterous Viviparous Female. — Elongate, narrow, flat, browu above, much paler beneath, rugulose. Atifetmae 5-segmented, short, reaching to the pos- terior margin of the prothorax, pale yellow at base, darker at the tips ; segment I somewhat longer than broad, with 3 spines; II a little shorter than I, with 1 spine and what appears to be a small sensorium near the tip; III almost thrice the length of II, with 2 spines on the anterior edge, faintly imbricate on distal half; IV a very little longer than II, with 1 spine; V somewhat longer than III, the spur a little longer than the base, 2-3 short spines at tip, primary sensorium compound. The proportions of the segments are 17, 12, 35, 13

Fig. 1. — Atheroides serrulatus Halld. (The rugosities have not been indicated.) Viviparous $ and antenna.

(17+23). Head with 2 lateral groups of 4 strong spines. Prothorax as long as the head, mesothorax a little longer than the prothorax, inetathurax about half the length of the preceding, all with short spines. First abdominal segment equal to the metathorax in length, remainder of abdomen more sparsely spinose on dorsum, but margin more closelj' set with spines which get gradually longer towards the apex. Apical segment distinct, twice as broad as long, set on ■margin with long strong spines on tubercles. Cornicles mere pores situated towards anterior edge of 5th abdominal segment. Leys yellow, tips of tibiae and tarsi darker, hind pair with numerous fine hairs.

Me(i!^iiremepts: Antennae '47 mm., head '26 mm., pvothoi'flx "26 mm., mesothorax "29 mm., metathorax '16 mm., 1st abdominal segment "16 mm. Hind leg: femur •od mm., tibia -52, tarsus + uuguis 'l-l mm. Total length 2"00 mm.

1920.]

41-

Oviparous Female. — This resembles the viviparous female except that the hind tibiae have sensoria which talte the shape of the fipfure 8. Deliiiiercio tioures similar sensoria for Sipha schoutedeni (Iledia, ii, 1904, Tav. xiii, fig. 6), but the surroundings polygonal area is absent in A. serrulatus.

"On grasses, England."

Redescribed from numerous specimens, both viviparous and ovi- parous. Alate 9 unknown.

I have placed Theobald's Sipha paradoxa tentatively as a synonym of this species. It certainly belongs to this genus, and I can see no distinctions upon which to base a distinct species. The degree of sejmra- tion of the abdominal segments varies. The exact lengths of the thoracic segments are difficult to obtain unless care is taken in mounting. This may account for the discrepancies in the measurements of the thoracic segments in Sipha paradoxa and A. serrulatus.

A. hrevicornis, sp. n.

Apterous Viviparous Female. — Elongated, linear, rugose, S])inose. Spines, except those on front of head and apical segment which are of the usual shape, sputhulate-truncate, serrated at tip, rising from well-marked bjisea. Anteinnte 6-segmented, short, stumpy, reaching to about the middle of the protlwra.v ;

Fig. 2. — Atheroides breviconiis, sp. n. Showing head, antenna, and characteristic

spines.

segment I \ longer than broad, II just over half the length of I, III a very little longer than I, IV a very little shorter than II, V a little longer than III, the spur about half the length of the basal part, with 3 short spines at tip. Primary sensorium on V compound. Proportions of segments, 22, 14, 23, 12 (16-f 8). Bead with 1 median and 2 lateral protuberances, the lateral with 2 strong spines, dilated spines numerous on rest of head, whose length is about § breadth. Frothora.v not quite so long as head, mesothorax about f longer than the prothora.v,metathurax about ^ the length of the mesothorax ; numerous dilated spines on all 3 segments. Jiostruvi reaches mid coxae, stiletto-pointed, 1st abdominal seymeyit quite distinct, the next 6 segments distinguishable, apical segment distinct. Dilated spines numerous all over dorsum. Cornicles mere pores at anterior margin of oth segment. Apical seymcnt twice as broad

K

42

[February,

69 long, with the characteristic spines on the dorsum and about 10 ordinary spines medio-laterally on the margin, if^/s apparently pale brown or yellow in life, tarsi darker, moderately liairj' ; coxae stout, as broad as long.

Measurements ; Antennae "36 mm., head '26 mm., prothorax "24 mm., niesotliorax '34 mm., metathorax "IG mm. Hind leg : trochiuiler+ffmnr '36 mm., tibia '46 mm., tarsus+claw "14 mm. Total length 2'4 mm., total breadth •8 mm.

Type, unique in B.M. "On grasses, England."

In life the insect is probably dark brown, pale yellow underneath, segment III of the antennae, and the legs except the tarsi pale brown.

This species resembles A. serrulatus in shape, but is easily separated from that insect by the stumpy antennae, and the chai-acteristic dilated spines.

A. hirtellus Halid.

Atheroides Mrtellus Haliday, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist, ii, 1839, p. 189.

Aphis Mrtellus (Halid.) Walker, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) ii, 1848, p. 45 ; Cat. Hemipt. Brit. Mus. pt. i, pp. 953 & 1168.

Fig. 3,—Athtiruides hirtcllus Halid. Apterous $ and antenna.

1920.]

43

Apterous Tinipnrou^ Female. — Elon-jate, linear, not quite so flat as the preceding species, brown, very bristly, seen in profile the bristles are upon tubercles. Antennae o-segniented ; I with 3 spines ; II with 1 spine and a single small sensoriura on the distal end, the two segments subequal ; III with 4 spines, distal half faintly imbricated, more than twice the length of II; IV with 2 spines, somewhat shorter than II ; V with spur and base equal, the two together considerably longer than III, 3 short spines at the tip, sensorium compound. Proportions of segments are, 18, 16, 88, 17 (22-23). Head with 5 strong spines near base of antennae, and other 3 behind the eye. Rostrum reaching to the 2nd pair of coxae, somewhat bluntly pointed. Segments of thorax well marked, lengtli in the proportion of 6, 7, 4. First segment of the abdomen distinct, not quite so long as the metathorax, the following segments faintly discernible, about 8 times the length of the 1st. Pore-like nectaries on the 5th segment near the anterior margin. Apical segment distinct, 3 times broader than long, spiny round the margin. Legs pale brown, sparsely covered with moderately long hair.

Measurements: Antenna "52 mm., head '21 ram., prothorax •21 ram., mesothorax '26 ram., metathorax "14 ram., 1st abdominal segment '14 mm. Hind leg: trochanter+femur '44 mra., tibia '68 mm., tarsus+claw "14 ram. Total length of insect 2'2 mra., greatest bi'eadth "7 mra.

Oviparous Female. — This does not differ materially from the apterous viviparous female except in the hind tibia, which has the characteristic figure of 8 sensoria similar to those in A. serrulatus.

Fig. 4. — Atheroides hirtellas Halid. Abdomen of winged 9 ^"d antenna.

On Juiicus (irficulafus {Raliday) and grasses {Walker) near Lancaster and near Belfast.

44

[Ft'lj uarv,

Alnte Femnle. — Pn'own, bvistlj', but bristlee not so stronpr as m the apterous 5 • Antennae pale 3'ellow, slender, 6-segmeuted ; segment I with 3 spines, twice as long as broad ; II with 2 spines, a little shorter than 1 ; III with about b spines arranged evenly along anterior margin, 1-2 sensoria, 3| times length of II, distally imbricated ; IV with 1 strong distal spine and the normal sensorium longer than II ; V with 1 spine, and the usual sensorium, compound, composed of 4 outer and 1 inner small sensoria, 2 short spines at tip, spur considerably longer than the base, the two combined longer than III. Proportions of segments, 18, 16, 56, 22 (26-1-34). Head convex in front, with 2 lateral spines. Rostrum dull yellow, dark at tip, reaching 2nd pair of coxae. Pronotnm brown, bristly. Mesonotal bosses with a row of short spines on 4he inner margin, otherwise bare. Abdomen (in cleared specimen) with 5 broken; bands of chitin, arranged in 4 longitudinal rows, spiny on ohitinous avea^, apical segment chitinised, with strong tuberculated bristles on margin. Cornicles pore-like on 5th abdominal segment. Legs pale yellow with tips of tibiae and tarsi darker.

Measurements ; Antenna "69 mm. Hind leg : trochanter-)- femur "42 mm., tibia 70 mm., tarsus-f claw '14 mm. Total length 1-8 mm., breadth -6 mm.

Redescribed from one alate $ . The front wing appeare to have the cubitus once-forked. Hind wing with 2 oblique veins. The apterous forms described from numerous specimens of both viviparous and oviparous females.

A.ju7ici, sp. n.

Apterous Viviparous Female. — Elongate, linear, splnose. Antennae 5- segmeuted, slender, reaching just beyond the posterior margin of the

Fig. 5. — Atlicroldes junri. sp. n. Adult insect and antenna.

1920.] 45

pro thorax ; segment T no Idiip^er than hroad ; IT considerably longer than I ; III 2^ times tlie length of II, with 4-5 spines on the anterior rim and 1 on tlie posterior; IV eqnal in length to II ; V considerably longer than III, spur \ longer than base, primary sensorium compound, 3 short spines at tip. Pro- portions, 11, 15, 35, 15 (20 + 25). Head convex in front, strongly spinous, ',\j of breadth, on the underside there appears to be 2 margin o-frontal chitinona plates. Rostrum reaching to the 3rd coxae, stiletto-shaped. Prothorax spinose, uniformly chitiuised ; mesuthorax broken up into 4 chitinous areas, 2 median and 2 lateral ; metathorax similar though not so regular ; length of the thoracic segments in the proportion of 4, 3, 2. Abdomen, all segments distinguishable ; segments 1-5 and 7 with 2 lateral and 2 median chitinous plates, segment 6 with the 2 median ones united; strong spines on all the plates. Apical seg- ment 3 times broader than long, with 5 conspicuous marginal spines. Cornicles on 5th segment. Le(/s moderately hairy, probably pale brown.

Measurements: Antenna "48 mm., total length of thoracic segments •50 mm. Hind leg: tiochanter+femur '36 mm., tibia "52 mm., tarsus + claw •14 mm. Total length of insect 1"6 mm., greatest breadth •56 mm.

Cotypes, two specimens, in B.M. " On rushes, England."

Approaches A. hirteJhis, but is a snialler insect, less spin^", non- tuberculated, while the chitiuised plates are distinctive.

December 1919.

Coleoptera and Hcmiptera in the Highlands. — In the course of about six weeks' holiday in, the Highlands in the autumn of 1919, I took the following Coleoptera, most of which have been examined for me, with his usual kindness, b}' Commander Walker : — Notiophilus aquaticus var. striffifrons and A', palns- tris YiiY.hi/pocrita, botli at about 2000 ft., near Avieraore, in August; Ilonialota (Atheta) inhabilis, one specimen under pine-bark, Nethy Bridge, September; Af/athidiiim rotunilatum, with the preceding; Liodes ,(//«6rrt, abundant under bark of charred pine stumps and log.s, Nethy Bridge, September ; Doidrophayns crenatus, one specimen under pine-bark, Nethy Bridge, September ; with Myclo- philus minor, two specimens. I should also record Sitones grisetts taken at Nairn in October, as the Scotch records of the species appear to be few and uncertain. A tine male of AcantJiocinus aedilis whs brought to me alive by two schoolboys (D. and I. Turnbull) staying at Nethy Bridge, early in September. But Coleoptera generally were scarce and needed patient hunting. Among the Hemiptera taken, it may be worth while to record Erenwcoris 2>lfbeius, one under shingle by Loch an Eileun ; Orthodira nigritia, two specimens in moss at Nethy Bridge; Salda scotica, ho])ping about in the greatest abundance on the shore of Loch in Dorb ; Lygus rubricatus, the dark form, on fir ; and Cori.ra venusta, abundant in Loch in Dorb. I have to thank Mr. E. A. Butler for his kind help in determining some of these. — A. W. Pickakd-Cambbidgk, Balliol College, Oxford : January 1920.

Cryptohypnus sabulicola Boh. in Herefordshire. — Mr. Tomlin, in the Ent. Mo. Mag. vol. li, p. 6 (1916), has recorded my capture of Crijptohypnus sabuli- cola in .July 1914 on the banks of the River Monnow near Pontrilas in Here- fordshire. On June 1st of this year (1919) I was once more able to visit the

46 [Fibniary,

spot, and was olad to iind the beetle on tlie selfsame 8!in(ll)aTik where I had orisinallj^ turned it up in 1914. Unfortunately, an oncoming thunderstoim allowed me but a bare ten minutes' collecting. In tliis time I took five speci- mens and lost about as many more owing to the rapidity with which this species burrows into the sand when alarmed. Cryptohypnus riparius F. and

C. dermestoides var. A-ynttatus Lap. were plentiful at the same place : these latter species I found among shingle and underneath stones, but C. suhnticola occurred only on the sand under the shelter of the 1 aves of various plants. — J. A. Dyson Perkins, Daveuham, Malvern : Decembe?- 1919.

An Oriental Cucvjid-heefle in CfiesJiire. — In sorting over some bags of material from a bone-crtisliing works at Acton Bridge, Cheshire, I came across an unfamiliar little elongated red beetle some time ago which I was quite unable to place. Mr, Arrow has now b^en kind enough to identify it as an Oriental species of the Cucujidae — Lacinotinefus rhizopltayoides Walker. The type-specimen, which is in the Brit. Mus., came from Ceylon, and the collec- tion also has examples from Formosa, Sumatra, Borneo, Timor, Celebes, Ceram, Dunga in liritish ]"]ast Africa, and New Guinea. I fiumd only a single living specimen amid the hordes of beetles which naturally frequent such a savoury habitat. The raw material for crushing comes almost exclusively from local slaughter-houses in sacks, and is usually dumped for two or three months before going through the mill. I was surprised at the small number of species of beetles : Ptinus tectiis and Dermesfes were far the commonest, I), vidpinus being present in countless myriads, and very careful examination resulted in the discovery of D. f}-iscki at the rate of perhaps one-half per cent.;

D. lardnrius and D. murinus occurred sparingly. It was at this same bone- works thiit Somofiichus (Lehia) elevatus turned up a few years ago*, but as my visit was paid in late autumn I failed to tind it. — J. K. le B. Tomlin, Lakefoot, 120 Hamilton Boad, Reading: Deceiuber 21d, 1919.

PolydrususJlampesDe G. in Cumberhmd. — This beetle appears to be known in Britain mainly as a southern species, the most northerly locality given fur it being Langworth Wood, Lincoln (Fowler, Col. Brit. Isles, vol. v, p. 201). From its close resemblance to the common and widtdy distributed I', pteryyv- vialis Boh. it is quite likely that it maj' sometimes be passed over, this indeed being m}' own experience in June last when meeting with a green Polydrosus while beating round the edge of a wood in this district. The locality being one in which pteryyoniulis had not before occurred to me I took two specimens home, but it was ouly when about to add them to my series of that species that I noticed their duller appearance, and a closer examination proved their identity with specimens of Jlanipes fr^m the New Forest. This adds an interesting species to the Cumberland list, which in consequence may reasonably be expected to occur in other of the northern counties if Lanca- shire, Yorkshire, and other Coleopterists will keep a critical eye on pteryyo- malis when they meet with it in the iield. — F. H. Day, 26 Currock Terrace, Carlisle : December ISt/i, 1919.

* Cf. JSnt. Mo. Mag. lii, p. 203, 1916,

1920.] 47

Abundance of Exapnfe conqehttella Clerck at HuddiTiifield. — This species opciirred in extraordiiiar}^ abundance all over the Iliiddei'sfield district in Octiiber last. Years ago we used to regard it 8S quite a moorland insect, hut for several seasons past it has gradually increased in numbers quite near the town. Ivast j'ear it far exceeded anything we had seen before, and could scarcely be unnoticed even by non-entomologists who had the least observation for such things. Tt could be seen on the wing even in the town itself, and in my own garden, which is only about a mile away, raiglit have been observed flving about in numbers, when the sun was shining, at almost any time throughout October. Close to the town, and all around it wherever I went, it was flying- everywhere, and in some of the near villages, probably all of them, live or six mil«s away, but far from the moors, it was absolutely in thousands in the daytime, and also in the evenings at the lamps and outside the shop windows, attracted by the lights. When one considers that only the males are sven on the wing, and that the females probably occur in equal quantity^ altliough they are very rarely observed, one may form some idea of the immense numbers there must have been. The larvae must, of course, have fed on some other plant than bilberry (and, I believe, also ling), on which they feed on the moors, but what it was I have no idea. — Gko. T. Porbitt, Elm Lea, Uulton, Hudderstield : January Sth, 1920.

Thk South London Entomological and Natuhai, Histouy Socikty: Nocembtr ''lltfi, 1919. — Mr. iStanlky Edwards, E.L.S., President, in the Chair.

Annual Exhibition. — Mr. S. G. Castle-Russell exhibited aberrations of the following British Lepidoptera : Drijas paiihia, rayed and suffused, varied valesina form,'*, intermediate, bleached, blue shade below, etc. ; Liinenitis sibilUi ab. niyrina underside ; yellow-tipped Eiichlae cardannnes ; Brenthis euphrosytief rayed, cream-coloured, etc. ; (Joenonympha panipliilus, a very pale series ; Aphantapus hyj>erantus, a long series of bred ab. kmceolata ; C. tiphon, long series of aberrations, pale, ab. lanceolata ; Celastrina aryiolus, a perfect gynan- drouiorph and colour forms ; Ayriades coridon, a perfect gynandromorph, ab. synyrajiha, ab. striata, ab. obao/eta, etc. ; I'lebeius aeyun, 80 aberrations, iib. striata, ab. obsoleta, etc., and 40 females with one wing shot with male blue coloration and the smaller ; all taken or bred in the last two or three seasons. Ml'. T. H. Grosveuor, a pair of Aitacus edwardsi from the Khasia lliils. Mr. B. S. Williams, a series of Lomaspilis viaryinata from Finchley, show ing an extreme range of variation. Mr. E. E. Green, (1) I'ajnlio biauor, taken at Camberley ; (2) a series of Paruscotia fuliyinaria, taken at light at Camberley ; (3) two Ayrvtis saucia ab. maryaritosa, taken at sugar; (4) aberrations of Lnperina testacea and Ilimera jjefmaria ; (5) Stephanitis rkododendri, an intro- duced pest of Rhododendrons; (0) the rare Ileuiipteron Coriztis maculatua from birch ; and (7) a contrivance of an iron ring and muslin for covering; cylinder.-, jars, etc., for breeding-. Mr. A. E. Tonge, an Antorplia pvpuli entirely devoid of marking ; and the v«ry rare Xocluid Cloauthu pulyodoii

48 [Febi-uary,

(perspiciltaris) from Wortliing-. Mr. Leonard Tatchell, two very dark Arctta C((ja, cue having scarcely any traces of cream on the fore wings. Mr. 11. Adkin, series of the British species of Nolidae and NycteoUdae, illustrating tlieir range of variation. Mr. L. A. Box, examples of the more common species of the parasitic Chalcids. Mr. C. W. Sperring, a selection of aberra- tions of Mimas tiliae, BrentJds euphrosyne, Ay) iudes covidon; and Plcheius aeyon. Mr. Percy Bright, very long series of aberrations of Brenthis euphro- syne, B. selene, Chrysophanus dispar, and Rianicia phlaens with the rare ab, alba, Mr. K. G. Blair, the black form ab. niyra of Cetoina auruta from St. Mary's, Scilly, 1919. Mr. Johnston, a series of aberrations of D.paphia and L. sibilla from the New Forest, July 1919. Mr. H. A. Leeds, a large number of aberrations of P. icanis, A. medon, and A. coridon, named by Tiitt'a " Brit. Lepid.," no fewer than 18 being of the last-named species, and of A. hyperantus, H. malvae, E. jnrtina, S. primi, etc. Mr. R. South, aberra- tions of B. selene, confluent and suflused ; C. immphilus, pale splashed, and dark; silvery grey Tortrix crataeyana and dark suffused T. xylosteana. Mr. Curwen, a vei'y fine selection of Zyynenidae from Italy, including many striking races and aberrations of Z. transcdpiha from Central Italy ; races of Z. stoechadis, Z. achilleae, Z. oxytropis, and Z. carniolica, and Z. punctiun, Z. erythrus, etc. Mr. Cliti'ard Craufurd, aberrations of D. paphia and L. sibilla. Mr, H. ]\[oore, various forms of Danaida chrysippus and Hypolimnas vtisijypus, and read notes on tlie association of the two species. Mr. A. W. Mera, bred series of Tephrosia crejniscidaria and T. biundularia, with melanic and hybrid races. Mr. A. A. W. Buckstone, aberrations of C'olias edusa, dark, and pale ground ; Callophrys rubi, pale blotched ; 2'ieris brassicae, green lined ; I'ri- phaena Jimhria ; T. comes; ah. niyrofulvatd oi Seiniothisa litiirtita, etc. Mr. C. W. Colthrup, aberrations of man\' British butterflies taken in 1918-19, in- cluding 6^. edusa; B. eiqyhrosyne ; E. tit/ionus, extra spots; II. semele ; A. urticae ; R. phlaeas ; E. jurtina ; A. coridon, etc. Mr. Newman, bred ab. 2valkeri of Spilosoma menthastri; yellow, and salmon-coloured Zyyuena Jilipendulae ; Z. achilleae from N. Britain, etc. Mr. 0. 11. Williams, aberra- tions of Ayriades corido7i ; and a series of named forms of A. yrossalariata, including ab. radiata, a.b. iochalcea, ab. lacticolur, {ih.fulvapicata, ab. niyrospar- sata, ab. semilutea, etc. Mr. II. O. Wells, two perfect gynandromorphs of Pleheius aeyon from Berkshire. Mr. Edwards, exotic Papilios. Mr. Garrett, E. jurtina with one wing suffused black, and Ochyria desiynata with curiously irregular markings. Mr. H. J. Turner, a collection of Lepidoptera sent to him from S America, including the Ceratocampid Citheronia veyleri, with a photo- graph of its hitherto unknown larva, an unnamed local form of Prepona chromus, the rare Protoparce beryi, several other Protoparce, Attacus muurns, several species of Hesperiidae, Libythea carinenta, etc. Mr. F. W\ Frohawk, aberrations of Vanessa iu ; L. sibilla, gradation to complete dark suffusion ; D. paphia, various forms of confluence of spots on upper and under sides ; A. cydippe {adippe), partially albinistic, leaden-coloured markings, etc. Mr. W. J. Kaye, long varied series oi Melitaea cinxia and M. athalia, great reduction of dark mai'kings to heav)' extension of markings, on both upper and under sides. — Hy. J. Turner, Hon. Editor of Proceedinys.

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Lord Walsingham. 1843-1919.— J. Hartley Dun-ant, F.E.S 25

Notes on the Australian Coleopterous genera Palaestra Cast., Tmesidera _ Westw., and Palaestrida White (Fam. Melol'dae).— A'. G. Blair, B.Sc,

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1920.]

49

NEW SPECIES OP STAPHYLINIDAE FROM CEYLON.— Part II.

Ur MALCOLM CAMEROX, M.B., U.N., F.E.S.

(Continued from Vol. LV, p. 255.)

The si^ecies or varieties described in Part II are as follows •-.^^.,-,

Coproporus triangulus. Leucocraspedum limbatum.

„ nifjromacidatum, var.

obsoletum . Gijropli aena rufi ventris. Diestota sit&opaca. Neohrachida (n. gen.) castanea. Pseudobmchida (n. gen.) nvjriven-

tris. Tachychara (u. gen.) discipenni!>.

Falagria ceylonica.

,, asperata.

„ leivisiana. \

Atheta (Coprothassa) anef>eUiL _ Peliopteni pei-nitida. ^^ ''Son > !a n

Orphnehius ci7igulatus.

„ bryanti.

Orphnebiota (n. gen.) nifo"ast(inea. Myrmedoiiia opacicollis. Apimela iiulica.

MAR 0 9 1920

"^^//i.n.:.. o.^^^

Co])roporus trianrjulus, n. sp.

Black, shining, impiinctate (tlie abdomen exce])ted); the lateral iiiaiirins of the thorax, the extreme lateral maro:ins of the elytra, and a broad intleter- minate triangular spot extending along the suture, reddish-testaceous ; antennae with the first fuur joints, and tlie legs, testaceous. Length 2'3 uiiu. Ihiild of C. vielanarius Er., but smaller, dilTerently colouieJ, the liead, thorax, and elytra scarcely perceptibly punctured, and the antennae more slender. Anteiuiae with the 2nd and 3rd joints of equal lengtii, the 4th to the 8th distinctly longer than broad, gradually decreasing in length, 9th scarcely longer than broad, the 10th slightly transverse, the 11th elongate, pointed. Elytra blaclf, the extreme lateral margin and an indeterminate triangular spot occupying the posterior margin, postero-external angles and extending forwards to about tlie middle of the suture, reddish-testaceous. Abdomen black, very finely and moderately closely punctured in front, much more sparingly posteriorly.

Rah. Dikoya, alt. 3800-4200 feet (G^. Lewis).

Leucocraspedum Uinbatum, n. sp.

Narrow, elongate acuminate posteriorly, piLchy-black, shining; antennae, legs, lateral margins of the thorax, posterior third of the elytra, and the last two abdominal segments, testaceous-yellow. Length scarcely 2 mm. This species differs from L. palchdluin Ivr. in the following particulars only : it is distinctly narrower and less robust, the posterior angles of the tlunax are less produced backwards, and the sides are less broadly yellow, the elytra are more broadly bordered with yellow and are distinctly le.-s transverse, the last two abdominal segments are entirely testaceous, and the puncturation uf llie tliorax is not so close.

Rub. Dikoya, alt. 3«00-J:200 feet {G. Lewis).

50 ■ [March,

LeucocrasjiciJum nigromaculaluin Cam., v. obsolefuin, w. var.

Tliis variety differs from the tj'^pe in the dark marking of the elytra being reduced to a more or less obscure fuscous indeterminate patcli.

Hah. Bogawantalawa, alt. 4900-5200 feet {G. Lewis).

Gyropliaena ri//it'enf)'is, n. sp.

Bright reddish-testaceous, shining, the liead blnck, the elytra (except the base) blackish ; first four joints of the antennae, apex of the last, and th? leg^ yellow-testaceous. Length 2."75 mm. Exactly similar in build to G. appemli- culata Motsch., from which it differs in the S characters, and in having the antennae, with the exception of the first four joints and the apex of the last, black, and the abdomen not at all infuscate.

c^ . 7th dorsal segment on either side with a stout tooth, the apex of which is rounded ; 6th with a transverse row of six obsolete tubercles ; 5th with four obsolete tubercles at the posterior border.

Hah. Galle, Kitulgalle, DikoA'a {G. Letvis).

Diestota siihopaca, n. sp.

Parallel, black, nearly opaque, the elytra pitchy-black, the posterior margins of the abdominal segments narrowly and obscurely ])itchy-brown ; first three joints of the antennae and legs reddish-testaceous. Length 2'75 mm. Head black, scarcely shining, suhpentagouiil, the eyes rather large and prominent, the temples straight, converging posteriorly, rather coarsely, moderately closely, but superficially piuictured, the interspaces coriaceous. Antennae short, the 2nd and 3rd joints of equal length, the 4th slightly, the 5th to 10th joints strongly transverse, the penultimate three times as broad as long, the 11th stout, longer than the two preceding together. Thorax trans- verse, more than one-third as broad again as long, the sides evenly rounded for the anterior two-thirds, contracted to the obtuse posterior angles, which are a little prominent ; the disc loiigitudinally impressed on either side of the middle line, the impressions confluent behind; sculpture in the J moderately close, superficial, and subobsolete. in the 5 without puncturation, in both sexes very distinctly coriaceous and finely pubescent. Elytra broader and a little longer than the thorax, transverse, the posterior margin sinuate externally ; moderately closely, finely, and somewhat asperately punctured, finely pubescent. Abdomen parallel, the bases of the first three segments moderately coarsely and closely punctured, very finely and very sparing-ly punctured posteriorly, sparsely pubescent.

(^ . 7th dorsal segment produced, the posterior border thickened and elevated and furnished with four rather large tubercles, the lateral angles spiniform.

Hah. Balangoda, alt. 1776 feet ( G. Lewis).

Neoukachida, n. ^^'ii.

3ra.\ill!irv pnlpi 4-j<)iiited, the ,'5r(l joint slif^Witly thickoiied towards apex, l]iQ 4tli subulate, more than half the leug-th of tlie precediufj:. Tongue luinow and elongate, split nearly to the middle into two narrow pointed diverging' lobes. Labial palpi 2-jointed, the 1st joint slightly curved, the 2nd a little shorter and considerably narrower. Templ^^s bordered below. Mesosternum broad, truncate behind, and extending nearly the whole length of the coxae, which are widely separated. Tarsal formula, 4. 4, o : the anterior pair wilh the tirst three joints short and subequal ; the middle pair similarly constructed, the 4tli joint longer than the three preceding together : posterior pair with the 1st joint moderately long, the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th subequal and shorter than the 1st, the 5th elongate, about as long as the three preceding together. Elytra feebly sinuated postero-externally.

This genus resembles Agaricochaya holeti L. in build. Tlie species oil which the genus is founded is a narrower and less robust insect than lirachida crassiuscula Kr.

NeohrachUla castaiiea, n. sp.

Shining, light chestnut-brown, the 6th and 7th abdominal segments obscurely darker ; antennae and legs testaceous. Jjengtii 23 mm. Head formed as in Gyrophaena ; the eyes considerably larger in diameter than the length of the temples; puncturatiou exceedingh' fine and sparse, scarcely visible. Antennae with the .3rd joint much shorter and more slender than the 2nd, the 4th small, transverse, oth to the 10th larger, more transverse, and differing little in breadth amongst themselves, about twice as broad as long-. Thorax nearly twice as broad as long, the sides evenly rounded, the posterior angles rounded, the base very slightly bisiuuate ; puncturatiou moderately tine, sparing, and obsolete; pubescence fine and spar.-e. Elytra one-third longer and a little broader than the thorax, transverse, moderately finely and rather closely punctured ; pubescence fine and sparing. Abdomen elongate, giadually and slightly narrowed behind, finely and UKxlerately closely punc- tured and pubescent throughout.

Hob. Bogawantalawa, alt. 4900-5200 feet {O. Lewis).

PSEUDOBBACHIDA, n. gen.

Maxillary palpi with the 3rd joint long, oval, the 4th subulate, about two- thirds as long as the preceding. Tongue short, scarcely longer than broad. Labial palpi 2-jointed, the 1st joint stout, the 2nd a little longer and con- siderably narrower. Temples strongly bordered below. Mesosternum giadually narrowed and bluntly pointed posteriorly, extending about two-thirds the length of the coxae, which are moderately separated. Tarsal formula 4, 4, 5 : the anterior pair with the first three joints rather short and subequal, the 4th as long as the three preceding together; the middle pair with the 1st joint elongate, longer than the two following together, which are rather short and equal iu length, the 4th joint about as long as the 1st ; the posterior pair with

r2

52 [March,

the 1st joint elongate, as long as the 2nd and 3rd together, the 2nd to the 4th moderately long, equal, the 5th as long as the two preceding tegether. Elytra sinuftted postero-externally. Abdomen gradually pointed.

Pseudohrachida nigriventris, n. sp.

Shining, moderately convex, acuminate posteriorly, the head, thorax, and elytra castaneous, the abdomen black ; antennae and legs testaceous. Length 2'3 mm. Head ensconced in the thorax to the eyes, -which are large, finely and rather closely punctured, finely and sparinglj^ pubescent. Antennae moderately long, the 2nd and 3rd joints of equal length and scarcely differing in thickness, tlie 4th and 5th slightly longer than broad, the 6th to the 9th as lone as broad, the lOlh slightly transverse, the 11th as long as the two preceding together. Thorax short, more than twice as broad as long, rounded at the sides, a little narrower in front than at the posterior angles, which are obtuse but prominent, the base distinctly bisinuate and bordered ; puncturation rather fine, moderately close and asperate, finely pubescent. Sciitellum transverse, impunctate. Elytra about one-half as long again as, and broader than, the thorax, transverse, dis- tinctly sinuate internal to the postero-external angles ; puncturation very similar to that of the thorax, but rather coarser, finely pubescent. Abdomen gradually narrowed from base to apex, fiuelj^ and not ver}^ closely punctured, and pubescent throughout.

(5 . 8th dorsal segment with a rather deep, acutely pointed excision in the posterior margin in the middle line and two very small excisions on either side, thus forming six very narrow and pointed teeth of nearly equal length ; 7th dorsal segment with two tubercles in the middle line, one at the base, the other just before the posterior border. Elytra along the suture with a row of 9 or 10 minute tubercles.

Hah. District not noted {G. Leicis).

Taciiyciiaka, n, gen.

Labrum transverse, the anterior margin slightly rounded. Maxillary palpi with 1st joint small, 2nd elongate, slightly curved and thickened towards apex, 3rd about as long as 2nd but thicker at the apex, 4th subulate, one-half as long as the preceding. Inner lobe of the maxilla strongly pectinate, outer lobe densely ciliate at apex. Tongue nearly reaching the level of the apex of the 1st joint of the latiial palpi, split nearly to the base into two narrow diverging lobes. Labial paljii o-joinied, 1st joint moderately long and stout, cj'lindrical, the 2nd much shorter, scarcely longer than broad, the 3rd elongate, longer but much narrower than the 1st. Gular sutures distant, slightly divergent behind. Temples not bordered belovv. Prosternum broadly truncate behind. Mesosternal process acuminate, extending about half the length of the coxae, which are narrowly separate; metasternal process bluntly pointed, not quite reaching the mesosternum. Tarsal formula 4, 4, 5 : anterior pair with the 1st joint rather long, equul to the two following together, which are short and subequal, 4tli elongate; middle pair with the 1st joint elongate, twice as long as the two I'ollowing together, which are short and subequal,

4th joint elongate, shorter thau the 1st; posterior pair with the 1st joint elon- ^'ate, as lonp^ as the four following united, the 2nd rather short, as long as the 3rd and 4th together, these short and subequal, oth elongate. Tibiae ciliate.

This genus appears to be allied to TacTiyusida Muls. et Eey, and is remarkable in having a very long first joint to the posterior tarsi.

Taclnjcliara discipennis, n. sp.

Elongate-parallel, greasy lustrous ; head black, thorax and abdomen pitchy-brown, elytra testaceous, the base and lateral margins brown ; first three joints of the antennae and legs testaceous. Length 4 mm. Head trans- verse, suborbicular, the eyes large and rather prominent, the temples rounded and contracted behind to the broad neck ; the surface, except the anterior por- tion, coarsely and very closely punctured. Antennae rather long, the 2nd and 3rd joints of equal length, the 4th to the 10th all longer than broad, the 5th, 6th, and 7tk a little longer than the 4th, the 8th, 9tli, and 10th gradually decreasing in length, the 11th elongate, pointed, nearly as long as the two preceding together. Thorax broader than the head, about one-third broader than long, the sides rounded in front, contracted and a little sinuated behind, the posterior angles obtuse and prominent ; the disc usually with a very tine median line at the base, scarcely traceable beyond the middle, and on either side with a minute fovea and another some distance anterior and external to it; puncturation very close, but much finer, than that of the head. Scutellum brown, closely punctured. Elytra as long as, but broader than, the thorax, transverse, not sinuate at the postero-external angles ; testaceous, the base, anterior part of the sutural region, and the reflexed borders brown ; punctura- tion fine and close, finely pubescent. Abdomen parallel, closely and finely punctured and pubescent, a little more sparingly behind.

ILab. Dikoya, alt. 3800-4200 feet {G. Lewis). {To be continued.)

NEW OR LITTLE-KNOWN SPECIES OP BEITISH CICADINA. BT JAMES EDWARDS, F.E.S.

Aphrojjhofa maculata, n. sp.

It appears from field studies of our British Aphrophorae that two species have been included by Flor and others under the name salicis De Geer. These may be distinguished as follows : —

Smaller (length 9-11 mm.). Less suddenly widened at the shoulders, more gradually narrowed behind. Crown more pointed. Elytra greenish- yellow punctured with black, the veins beyond the apex of the clavus usually more or less dusky ; a-, pale, somethnes with a dusky streak near the middle ; the pubescence depressed sahcis iJo Geer.

54 [March,

Larger (length 10-2r)-ir5 mm.). More snddenl}- widenod at the shoulders and more abruptly narrowed behind. Crown less pointed. Upperside brownish-yellow closely and coarsely punctured with black, a suffused pale stripe next the costa nearly to the half-lengtli ; a., blackish near the middle and before the apex; a more or less distinct suffused blackisli biind from the middle of tlie costa to the blackish line near the middle of aa, the veins in and beyond this baud brown; tlie pubescence, except tliat of the clavus, ert-cto-pateut, and producing a hoary appearance,

maculatd, n. sp.

A large gathering of A. macnlata from the New Forest in Juno, submitted to me bv Mr. Hugli Scott, contained many pale, more or less tonoral examples which, but for their shape and pubescence, might be regarded as A. salic/'s. Fully coloured specimens of A. mamdata have a very distinct appearance, especially in life. In September 191S, I took A. macnlata in numbers off Salix cinerea in a wood in the Forest of Bean without getting a single example of A. salicis. The hitter I only meet with on a nari'ow-leaved Sal/\r, having the appearance of S.fraqilis, on tlie Wiltshire side of this county and in the Vale of Gloucester.

Oucopsis carpinicola, n. sp.

Face, ill the lateral aspect, comparatively llat. Dorsal rim of elvtra, as a rtde, entirely whitish. ])ark baud on the crown cut short by the lateral black points, and giving oft" from its lower edge a well-defined black line wliich reaches to the level of the base of the specula. Black line on the inner edge of the hind tibiae not reaching lieyond the apical third and usuall}^ much shorter than this. Jjungth o'0-5'66 mm.

Lives on hornbeam. Common at Colesborne, and doubtless else- wliere.

J. Sahlberg (Notiser Fenn. xii, p. 123) describes a Pnlinpsis carpini living on hornbeam ; but since, according to the description, the face of the latter is just as convex as that o^ ffavicollis L., and the insect is otherwise chieily distinguislied from the latter by having the hind margin of the pronotum scarcely visibh^ emarginate, it cannot well be the same as ours, which has that part quite as deejjly notched as it is mflavicoUis.

In dealing with insects of this genus it should be remembered that the convexit}^ of the face is always greater in the female than in the male; if female a veil anae o\' carpinicola be compared with \Vi?\<djiavi- collis in this respect tlic difference is only small, but if females of each are compared the distinction is very evident.

Oncopsis avelhniae. n. sp.

Face, in the lateral aspect, comparatively flat. Dorsal rim of elytra blackish between as and a.i. Dark band on the crown extending bnyond tlie

1920.] 5^

lateral black points, sometimes anfrujarly prodiicecl in the middle of its lower edj^e but not giving off a well-defined black line. Inner edge of hind tibiuo with a black line reaching nearly to the base. Length 5-6 mm.

Lives on hazel. Probably common and widely distributed.

The recognition of these two additional species of Oncopsls will remove the necessity, which otherwise exists, of ascribing to O.flavicollis an extent of variability which it does not in fact possess.

Continued field-study of the subject shows that we have two species of Mao'opsis living on brambles ; one, which I find commonly at Coles- borne on more or less prostrate brambles growing for the most pai*t in derelict arable fields, for which I appropriate the name ruhi Boh., and the other, occurring everywhere on hedgerow brambles, for which I pro- pose the name scottl.

Macropsis ruhi Boh.

Crown rounded or scarcely angular in front. Face somewhat convex, the upper pair of spots rouudish, free, the unpaired marking, usually an irregular sub-rhomboid spot, not, or but little, extending above the lower edge of the upper pair; lorae black at the apex; clypeus without a distinct keel. Scutellum often with a black middle line from the base to the groove. Upper division of the side of prosteriuun black with its upper edge widely pale, the lower divi.^ion unmarked, or rarely with a black point. Dorsal rim of elytra white or whitish.

Probably of general distribution; Darenth {W. West). It some- times occurs in company with M. scotti ; a simultaneous gathering from roadside brambles in Norfolk consisted of twenty scotti and two ruhi.

Macropsis scotti, n. sp.

Ket-embles tlie preceding, but the unpaired marking on the face, a double line, extends well up between the two upper spots, lorae entirely pale ; a more or less distinct dark marking iu the middle of the front edge of the prouotum ; a black middle-line is not developed on the scutellum, even when the two black pointy before the groove are present; dorsal rim of the elytra black or blackish; black marking on the inner edge of the hind tibiae at most only indicated on the basal third.

Common on hedgerow and bvish brambles.

Anoscopiis Jtirsclihauini, n. sp.

cJ . Crown feebly convex throughout; frequently with a bhack inter- ocellar band and middle-line, and an irregular fuscous marking on each side of the base. Pronotum broadly white behind. Elytra brownish-yellow with two macular transverse bauds and the apex white. Barbs of the aedeagua four : two small, curving outward and downward, near the apex ; and two large, which in the cephalad aspect curve outwaid in their basal half and are thence to the apex parallel with the stem ; in the lateral aspect these large barbs have a sigmoid curvature.

56 [March,

$ . ITpperside sordid yfillowish-prey, tlie crown, pronotum, and scutelliim speckled AviUi biown, veins of the elytra whitish. Length 3*5-4'5 max.

Ewhurst, Surrey; Pett, Pevensey, Sussex (E. A. Bidler).

The male is at first sight very like that of A. aJhifrons, from which it is readily distinguished by the dark markings on the crown, the white liinder half of the pronotum, and the armature of the aedeagus ; in all of which points it resembles A. flavosfrigatus and A. histrionicus.

Athysamis russeohis Fall.

Having at length seen, amongst some Cicadina taken near Cam- bridge many years ago by the Rev. L. Jenyns and now in the Cambridge University Museum of Zoology, two females of an Athysonus agreeing with A. ritsseolus Fall, as sent to me by Dr. John Sahlberg, I think it well to offer the following particulars : —

A short stout species, the upper side brownish-yellow inclining to rust- red, especially on the tore-parts. Crown a little longer tlian the pronotum, about one-lialf longer than half its basal width, the free sides almost straight ; basal markings horseshoe-shaped, the inner half obsolescent and only indicated by a feeble line. Inter-ocular line represented by two black oblique triangular spots on the disc having their apices directed to a point on the free edge of the crown a little behind the ocellus. Inter-ocellar line black, interrupted in the middle, eacli element gradually widening from the ocellus and produced in front at the point of interruption. lufra-ocellar line and the one next below it rust-brown, followed by six somewhat irregular blackish side-lines which gradually diminish in length. Pronotum witii two or three blackish spots behind each eye. Elytra as long as the abdomen with faint fuscous speckling next the jiale vt'ins, dorsum Straight. Wings reaching the base of the genital segment. Female genital valve one-half longer than the preceding segnmnt, its distal t dge nearly straight. Length 3'8 mm.

This s];eeies is difficult to obtain and appears to be very little known. 1 am now satisfied that Douglas's Addington Hill specimen, which formed the basis of my previous description (Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1S8S, p. ;3G), was a pale female example of striaf/ih/s Fall. Norman's Perthshire example, on which the species was introduced to our fatma, I have not seen ; but as it was determined, like Douglas's specimen, by M. Lethierry, it is probable that it was also striatulus. Tliis opinion receives some confirmation from the fact that M. Lethierry returned to me specimens of siriatulelhis, mihi, which closely resembles striatulus except in size, vmder the name russeolus Fall.

Athysanus distinguenclus Kbm..

This species, of which I have only seen the female, is easily distinguished from our members of that section of the genus which have the cross-vein basal

1920.] 57

m-cu and the apices of aa and a3 white, by the colour-pattern of the upperside. Upper fore-parts sordid ivory-white. Crown about one-third longer than half its basal width, a little shorter than the pronotum, tree sides gently arcuate. Inter-ocellar line broken into four spots, of which the two inner are the larger; inter-ocular line represented by two large black triangles on the disc which encroach more or less on the basal markings. Pronotum with several large irregular markings behind each eye, a pair of stripes down the middle, and sometimes a stripe on each side of the hinder half, black. Scutellum with a black niidiUe-stripe from the base to the groove. Elytra as long as the abdo- men with cell 3rd M longer than wide, or leaving the two apical segments uncovered and having cell Jird M wider than long ; irregularly speckled with black, the speckling, instead of being more or less evenly distributed